Excretion in Living Organisms

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary related to the excretory processes in both animals and plants, as discussed in the lecture notes.

Xylem

A type of plant tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant.

Excretion

The process of removal of wastes from the cells of living organisms.

Excretory system

The organ system responsible for the removal of wastes in living organisms.

Carbon dioxide

A waste product produced during respiration, excreted through exhaled air.

Urea

A nitrogenous waste product formed from the breakdown of proteins, excreted in urine.

Nephrons

The functional units of kidneys that filter blood and form urine.

Dialysis

A procedure to remove toxic substances from the blood when kidneys are unable to do so.

Transpiration

The process by which excess water is excreted from plants through stomata.

Kidney transplant

A surgical procedure to replace a diseased kidney with a healthy one from a donor.

Sweat glands

Structures in the skin that secrete sweat to regulate body temperature and remove wastes.