Comprehensive Medical Assistant: Menstruation, Reproductive, and Endocrine System Quiz

follicular phase

The first phase of menstruation.

zygote

The fertilized egg that begins the journey to the uterus.

fetus

An embryo after 8 weeks of development.

cervix dilation

Must dilate to about 10 centimeters in diameter before delivery.

bacterial vaginitis

The most common type of vaginal infection that causes irritation symptoms.

syphilis treatment

The treatment of choice for syphilis is penicillin.

type II herpes

A type of herpes that can cause vaginal discharge mimicking gonorrhea.

alpha-fetoprotein screening (AFP)

A blood test taken at about the 15th to 20th week of pregnancy to aid in the detection of birth defects.

type I herpes

A type of herpes that appears as a typical cold sore on the lip or at the edge of the nose.

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Any acute or chronic infection of the reproductive tract.

colposcopy

Examination and biopsy of the cervix done to rule out cancer when there are abnormal Pap smear results.

nongonococcal urethritis (NGU, NSU)

A group of infections with similar manifestations that are not linked to a single organism.

chancre

Lesion that appears at the point of entrance and is associated with syphilis.

ovarian cyst

Sac of fluid or semisolid material on an ovary.

external genitalia herpes

Disease form that appears on the external genitalia, mouth, or anus.

withdrawal method

A method of contraception that is typically less effective.

epididymis

A structure that is about 10 feet in length.

mons pubis

The large pad of fat that overlies the symphysis pubis.

early pregnancy signs

Edema of the hands, face, feet, and legs is not an early sign of pregnancy.

gonorrhea symptoms in men

Sore throat with gland involvement is not a symptom of gonorrhea in men.

Cowper's glands

Bulbourethral glands are sometimes called Cowper's glands.

clitoris

A rounded mass composed of two small columns of erectile tissue.

uterine cancer

The most common gynecological malignancy.

ovarian cancer risk factors

Risk factors for ovarian cancer peak when a woman is in her 60s.

first pregnancy before age 30

A risk factor associated with certain health outcomes.

short menstrual cycles

Menstrual cycles that are shorter than the average duration.

drinking alcoholic beverages

A behavior that can be a predisposing factor for breast cancer.

anorexia

An eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight.

Colp/o

A combining form that refers to the vagina.

Hyster/o

A combining form that refers to the uterus.

Mamm/o

A combining form that refers to the breast.

Men/o

A combining form that refers to menstruation.

6 Days

The time it takes for a zygote to reach the uterus after ovulation.

10 centimeters

The diameter to which the cervix must dilate before delivery.

candidiasis

The most common type of vaginal infection causing irritation symptoms.

penicillin

The treatment of choice for syphilis.

vaginal discharge mimicking gonorrhea

Symptoms in women associated with a group of infections.

Group of infections

Infections with similar manifestations not linked to a single organism.

Examination and biopsy of the cervix

A procedure done to rule out cancer when there are abnormal Pap smear results.

Any acute or chronic infection of the reproductive tract

A general term for infections affecting the reproductive system.

Disease form that appears as a typical cold sore

A condition that can manifest on the lip or at the edge of the nose.

Blood test taken at about the 15th to 20th week of pregnancy

A test to aid in the detection of birth defects.

Lesion associated with syphilis

A sore that appears at the point of entrance of the infection.

Sac of fluid or semisolid material on an ovary

A type of ovarian cyst.

Disease form that appears on the external genitalia

A condition that can also manifest in the mouth or anus.

condom

Typically the most effective method of contraception.

shaped like a half-moon

The description of the epididymis.

edema of the hands, face, feet, and legs

Not an early sign of pregnancy.

inflammation with a greenish-yellow discharge from the penis

Not a symptom of gonorrhea in men.

80s

The age range when risk factors for ovarian cancer peak.

Pituitary gland

Attached to the brain.

Oxytocin

Hormone that stimulates contractions during childbirth.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A gonadotropic hormone.

Thyroid gland location

Located in the larynx.

Testosterone

Hormone that develops the primary male sexual characteristics.

Adrenal glands

Sit atop the kidneys.

Blood sugar test

Performed to assess the function of the pancreas.

Iodine deficiency

Causes the thyroid gland to enlarge.

Tetany treatment

Treated by the addition of calcium.

Islets of Langerhans

The majority of the cells are beta cells.

Cushing's syndrome

Disorder characterized by hypersecretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex caused by excess ACTH production.

Pineal body

Small mass of tissue attached by a slim stalk to the roof of the third ventricle in the brain.

Type 2 diabetes

Patients have insulin resistance and are usually overweight.

Antidiabetic drugs

Series of recently approved drugs that increase the presence of gut hormones that are advantageous for insulin secretion and decrease glucagon levels.

Type 1 diabetes

Autoimmune disease that eventually results in severe insulin deficiency.

Thiazolidinediones

Reduce insulin resistance by modulating activity of nuclear transcription factors.

Thyroid storm

Extreme clinical development of hyperthyroidism.

Addison's disease

Condition that results from a deficiency of adrenal hormones in the cortex of the adrenal gland.

Finger stick

Method used by diabetic patients to evaluate their glucose level.

Biguanides

Work to lower sugar levels by blocking the release of glucose by the liver.

Hormone for breast tissue

Responsible for developing breast tissue and stimulating the secretion of milk from the mammary glands.

Melatonin

A hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles.

Prolactin

A hormone that stimulates milk production in mammals.

Glucagon

A hormone that raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver.

Aldosterone

A hormone that regulates sodium and potassium levels, affecting blood pressure.

Parathormone

A hormone that regulates calcium levels in the blood and bone metabolism.

Adrenaline

A hormone released during stress that increases heart rate and energy availability.

Myxedema

An endocrine condition associated with too little thyroid hormone.

Hyperthyroidism

A condition characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production, leading to symptoms like irritability and weight loss.

Acromegaly

A condition characterized by overgrowth of cartilaginous and connective tissue due to excess growth hormone.

Insulin

A hormone that lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose.

Thyroid gland

A gland located in the neck that produces hormones regulating metabolism.

Iodine

A necessary element for the production of thyroid hormones.

Pancreas

An organ that produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels.

Liver

An organ that stores glycogen and releases glucose into the blood when glucagon is present.

Adrenal gland

A gland that produces hormones such as adrenaline and aldosterone.

Thyroid gland enlargement

Caused by a lack of iodine.

Tetany

Condition treated by the addition of calcium.

Cushing's Syndrome

Disorder characterized by a group of symptoms that result from the hypersecretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex caused by excess ACTH production.

Pineal Gland

Small mass of tissue attached by a slim stalk to the roof of the third ventricle in the brain.

Incretin Mimetics

Series of recently approved drugs that increase the presence of gut hormones that are advantageous for insulin secretion and decrease glucagon levels.

Thyrotoxicosis

Extreme clinical development of hyperthyroidism.

Adrenal Insufficiency

Condition that results from a deficiency of adrenal hormones in the cortex of the adrenal gland.

Blood Glucose Monitoring

Method used by diabetic patients to evaluate their glucose level.

Hyperthyroidism Symptoms

Patients with hyperthyroidism commonly experience irritability.

Insulin Requirements

Weather conditions do not influence the amount of insulin a diabetic patient needs.

Adrenal Insufficiency Cause

The most common cause of adrenal insufficiency is autoimmune destruction of the cells producing the hormone.

Radioactive Iodine Uptake Test

Test of the thyroid gland.