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Cirrus, what to they look like?
Thin and wispy
Cirrocumulus, what to they look like?
small rounded white puffs individually or in long rows, (fish sclaes; mackerel sky)
What is cloud A?
Cumulonimbus
what is cloud B?
Cirrostratus
what is cloud C?
Asperitas
What is cloud D?
Cumulus Humilis
What is cloud E?
Stratus
Which of the following cloud types only exists in the high levels of the atmosphere?
Cirrus
Which cloud refers to clouds that are layered and highlevel?
Cirrostratus
Which of the following refers to clouds that are heaping and raining?
cumulonimbus
Which of the following cloud types only exists in the mid levels of the atmosphere?
altostratus
Which of the following cloud types only exists in the mid levels of the atmosphere?
altocumulus
If the RH = 100%, but there is no wind present, what do we expect to form?
dew
If the RH = 100% with a moderate-to-strong wind present, what do we expect to form?
clouds
The ground cooled substantially and reached saturation. In the early morning hours, there were light winds (around 5 knots). If fog occurs, what kind of fog is it?
Radiation Fog
What type of fog is the most short lived, often seen from our breath in winter, or hovering over hot springs in places like Yellowstone?
Evaporation/Mixing Fog
What satellite product can be used to estimate cloud top heights?
Infrared Imagery
Evaporation fog is formed by which process(es)?
adding moisture to the air AND mixing to saturation
Upslope fog is formed by which process(es)?
cooling the air to saturation
what is more common cirrocumulus or cirrus?
Cirrus
Cirrostratus
The sun and moon clearly visible with which clouds, thin and sheet like.
Altocumulus
Mostly water drops, larger puffs, more dark/light contrast
Altostratus
Gray, blue-gray, composed of ice crystals and water droplets, often covers entire sky.
stratus
uniform gray, usually no precipitation, sun and moon are not visible.
nimbostratus
Usually dark gray in appearance, light to moderate precipitation, normally cannot see sun or moon.
What cloud is this?
Cirrus
What cloud is this?
Cirrocumulus
What cloud is this?
Cirrostratus
What is this formation
Sun Dog
What cloud is this?
Altocumulus
What cloud is this?
Altostratus
What cloud is this?
Status
What cloud is this?
Nimbostratus
What cloud is this?
Stratocumulus
what stage of cumulus is this?
Cumulus Humilis
what stage of cumulus is this?
Cumulus Congestus
what stage of cumulus is this?
Cumulonimbus
what clouds sometimes form tornadoes?
Cumulonimbus
what are the two steps to identifying a cloud?
1.what level is it? 2. what nature is it?
what clouds are in the high atmosphere?
Cirrus/Cirro
what clouds are in the mid atmosphere?
Alto
what clouds are in the low atmosphere?
clouds with no prefix
what cloud type is layered
strat/stratus
what cloud type is heaping?
cumulo/cumulus
what cloud type is associated raining?
nimbo/nimbus
what cloud is this?
Mammatus
what cloud is this?
Pileus
when is dew formed
clear sky, no clouds, temp above 32, radiation
when is frost formed
clear sky, no clouds, temp below 32, radiation
when does haze occur
when the RH is 75%
how does fog dissipate?
Burns off or Mixes out
how do clouds form?
As air rises, it expands and cools. Its RH increases.
high clouds
thin, composed almost exclusively of ice crystals, rather thin
mid clouds
Composed of water drops and ice crystals
low clouds
mostly water droplets except in cold weather.
shallow cumulus; cumulus congestus; cumulonimbus are what kinds of clouds
tropical clouds
how often to Polar Orbiting Satelites orbit?
Once every 100 minutes and on each point of the earth twice a day.
Geostationary satelite
remains motionless/ stationary.
GOES
North and South America, emitted radiation and reflected sunlight
METEOSAT
Europe and Africa
MTSAT
Asia and Australia
Visible Satellite Imagery (white)
a lot of sunlight reflected, High albedo
Visible Satellite Imagery (gray)
less sunlight reflected, low albedo
Emitted Infrared Imagery (white)
Cold object, little infrared
Emitted Infrared Imagery (gray)
warm objects, lots of infrared
enhances infrared satellite imagery
increases contrast between features
what are aerosols?
Tiny suspended solid particles that enter the atmosphere form either natural or anthropogenic sources
Cloud Condensation Nuclei
Aerosols that atmospheric water vapor condense onto. Variety of sources. Mostly sulfates. Remain suspended. Concentrations decrease with height. More numerous in cities.
Dry haze
Dry condensation nuclei reflect and scatter sunlightâ˘Common in industrialized areasâ˘Combustion productsâ˘Loose surface productsâ˘Blue or yellowish color depending on background color
wet haze
RH=75%, most common in morning and evening and near large bodies of water.
radiation fog
Ground cools to saturation through conduction and radiation.
Advection Fog
Cools the air to saturation, Day or night, thick/dense and widespread. Rapid formation.
Upslope Fog
Needs a slope to form, wind component, and sufficient moisture advection. Thick, persistent, and dense.
Evaporation/Mixing fog
Steam Fog, Frontal Fog, Breath in winter. Adds moisture to the air and mixing to saturation. Forms when water vapor is added to air that is much colder than the vapors source.
Steam fog
Required Conditions: Warm moist surface, Colder air above surface
Characteristics: Patchy or widespread, thin or thick, and temporary or persistent.
Common locations: lakes or rivers, asphalt after precipitation.
relative humidity equation
e/es
Precipitation fog
formed when rain falls into cooler air
required conditions: precipitation unsaturated air below cloud and hear surface
characteristics: warm front, widespread, thick , persistent, thunderstorms, patchy, thin, and temporary
Ice fog
composed of suspended ice crystals
formation: either cool the air to saturation or add moisture to the air to saturation.
Conditions: Clear sky and calm wind, colder than -22 F or 30 C, Minimal moisture source.
Note 
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