Timbers: Working with timber based materials and fixings

PPE

Personal protective equipment, like dust masks and gloves.

Stock forms, types and sizes

Timbers and components are commercially available, sold by length, width, thickness and diameter

Standardisation

Comes in standardised sizes, 1220mm*2440mm

Standard mouldings

Decorative timber components with a shaped profile

Wood fixings and components

Screws and nails, dowel rods, hinges

Advantages of standardisation

You know that everyone has that size available

Disadvantage of standardisation

Difficult to build none standard parts

Advantages of timber in the workshop

Readily available, cut + shaped using common tools and machines, formed and bent using jogs and moulds, joined using joint and fixings.

Screws

Needs a countersink, clearance and pilot hole to be drilled in

Nail

Hammered in at an angle to reinforce a timber joint, so it won’t be pulled apart

Knock down fittings

used for self assembly furniture and kitchen carcasses. Connecting or bock fitting, cross dowel fitting and cam lock fitting

Specialist tools

Used to accurately remove and shape wood eg rasp to file, flat bit to help drill holes, chisel to scrape or cut, tenon saw for straight lines, planes to smooth wood.

Wasting

getting rid of material, creating waste

Abrading

lightly scratching the surface, still wasting but not as much, eg sandpaper and wet and dry, the higher the grit, the finer the finish.

Wood turning

Laths used to turn wood on a plate or between 2 points whilst it’s shaped with tools. Speed can be adjusted, higher speed is for smaller objects.

Butt joint

90 degrees from each other

Dowelled joint

90 degrees from each other with dowels

Mitre joint

45 degrees from each other

Housing joint

a trench that helps slot a piece of wood the same size into it

Mortise and tenon joint

A hole, mortise, and a block, tenon, are fused together at 90 degrees

Lamination

Trees are felled

Veneers are cut on a rotary lathe, scanned for imperfections by a computer

Veneers are stacked at a right angle from the one below

Adhesive is applied between layers

Layers are compressed and laminated together

Trimmed to the standard size - 1220×2440

The size is check and imperfections to see if they meet the tolerance

Turning

Tree is felled

Timber is prepared - planed all round the edges and the centre is found

Log is clamped securely on a turning lathe

The lathe spins at high speed

A wood turning tool is pushed into the timber to change its shape

Make sure your wearing protective gear

Then the wood is taken out of the lathe and checked for imperfections against the tolerance.