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Modified stems adapt plants to what?
different factors in the environment
Below ground modifications:
Rhizomes
Corms
Stolons
Tuber
Bulbs
Rhizomes
fleshy, creeping underground stems
short internodes and small, scale-like leaves
ginger
Corms
short, thickened stem, usually covered with papery leaves
Stolons
slender stems that grow horizontally
Tuber
enlarged tip of a stolon that stores starch
Bulbs
Large buds surrounded by numerous fleshy leaves with a small stem at the lower end
stores food
onions, lilies, hyacinths, tulips
Stem above ground modifications:
cladophylls
thorn
spine
prickles
tendril
Cladophylls
flattened, leaf like stems
greenbriers, some orchids, and prickly pear cactus
Thorn
modified stem/branches
sharp, pointed woody structures that arise from the axillary buds
Spine
modified leaves
cacti have both thorns and spines
Prickles
epidermal outgrowths of the bark
Tendril
slender, sensitive structures of many climbing plants that support the plant
modified stems, leaves, or leaf parts or roots