Integumentary System and Glass Slides

For Lab Practicals

True

True or False: Skin is the largest organ of the body.

shape of the cells and number of layers of the cells

Epithelial tissues are named for the __________ and for the ____________.

1. Covers and lines all body surfaces

2. Covers organs vessels and ducts

3. Lines hollow organs vessels and ducts

4. Includes glandular tissue (secretion)

What are the four distinguishing characteristics of Epithelial Tissues?

1. Superficial layer: epidermis

2. Deep layer: dermis

What are the 2 layers of the skin?

Stratified squamous epithelial tissue

What type of epithelium tissue is found in the superficial layer?

Loose/areolar connective tissue over dense irregular connective tissue

What type of epithelium tissue is found in the deep layer?

adipose connective tissue

What type of tissue is found in the hypodermis?

False, it is not part of the skin, but it attaches the skin to the body.

True of False: hypodermis is the lowest layer of the skin.

stratum basale

→ stratum spinosum

→ stratum granulosum

→ stratum lucidum (only in thick skin)

→ stratum corneum

What are the 5 layers of the skin (from deep to surface)?

simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

What type of tissue is found in stratum basale?

stratum basale

Which layer of the skin is actively dividing to make new epidermis?

stratum basale

What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?

Found on the soles of the feet and palms of the hands

In between stratum corneum and stratum granulosum

What part of the body is stratum lucidum found and on what order of strata?

stratum corneum

Which strata is composed of dead, keratin-filled cells that flake off?

exfoliate

What is another term for when keratin-filled cells flake off?

keratinocytes

What cells make up the majority of epidermal cells?

keratinocytes

What cells grow and divide pushing the older cells up toward the surface?

keratinocytes

What cells produce and fill themselves with keratin as they move toward the surface?

keratin

What is a hard and waterproof protein that prompts the rigidity of the skin?

melanocytes

What cells produce skin pigments called melanin?

Sun Protection Factor

What does SPF stand for?

False, melanocytes stay in the stratum basale.

True or False: Melanocytes gradually move towards the surface giving the skin its tan coloration.

keratinocytes

What takes in melanin-filled vesicles

melanosomes

What do you call melanin-filled vesicles?

freckles and moles

What do you call the denser patches of melanocytes?

True, this results in freckles and moles.

Melanocytes may not be evenly distributed across the skin?

False, on average, everyone has equal amounts of melanocytes but different concentration of melanin.

True or False: people with darker pigmentation has higher amount of melanocytes.

variations in melanin concentration

What causes the variations in skin color?

Tactile cells

What type of cells are receptors for fine touch?

False, tactile cells are found in the stratum basale.

True or false: Tactile cells are found in the dermis.

Merkel Cells

What is another name for Tactile cells?

Tactile cells

What type o cells can be associated with nerve cells in the underlying dermis?

Langerhan cells

What type of skin-specific dendritic cells are found in the epidermis?

Langerhans cells

What alerts the body’s immune system to the invasion of pathogens in the skin?

True

True or False: Langerhans are found in the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.

Dermis

What is also referred to as “true skin”?

1. Papillae

2. Fibers

3. Nerve endings

4. Cutaneous glands

5. Hair follicles

6. Blood vessels

What are 6 attributes contained by the dermis?

Papillae

What are conelike projections of dermis that fit into recesses of epidermis?

Papillae

What posses blood vessels and touch receptors that can be found in the dermis?

Pappilae

What forms the fingerprints and toe prints?

Fibers

What are composed of fibrous connective tissue made by fibroblasts that can be found in the dermis?

Collagen

What type of fiber improves the strength and toughness of the dermis?

Elastic fibers

What type of fiber improves the extensibility and elasticity of the dermis?

Vitamin A and Vitamin C

What vitamins are necessary for collagen production?

1. Sodium ascorbate

2. Ascorbic acid

What 2 forms are Vitamin C regularly sold in the pharmacy?

pressure, pain, warm, and cold receptors

What receptors do Nerve endings that can be found in the deeper parts of the dermis have?

Lamellated and tactile corpuscles

What type of nerve endings are for pressure and touch?

Free nerve endings

What type of nerve endings are for pain?

Receptor nerve endings

What type of nerve endings may surround hair follicles?

1. Sebaceous glands produce sebum (oil)

2. Sweat glands

What are the two components of cutenous glands?