chapter 13

Morel's use of the term démence précoce for what is now termed schizophrenia reflects which characteristic of schizophrenia?

Its onset during adolescence.

Bleuler described the underlying behaviors of schizophrenia as the destruction of the forces that connect one function to the next. What did he call this underlying foundation of the disorder?

Associative splitting

Kraepelin believed that two characteristics of schizophrenia, which he termed dementia praecox, were crucial in differentiating it from other mental disorders like what is now termed bipolar disorder. One characteristic was, as the name implies, early age at onset. What was the other?

Poor outcome

Joshua believes that the government is spying on him and will soon send agents who will abduct him and take him to a facility where he will be subjected to terrifying and painful research. Which type of delusion is Joshua experiencing?

Persecution

How are positive symptoms of schizophrenia best characterized?

They typically represent distortions of reality.

Suk, who has a diagnosis schizophrenia, is experiencing an exacerbation of symptoms after running out of medication. Suk bursts into tears when told something funny and recently laughed when told of a loved one's death. Suk is demonstrating which type of symptom?

Disorganized

What is the inability to initiate and persist in activities called?

Avolition

Toni, who has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, was brought to a psychiatric emergency room by a concerned family member. Toni is staring vacantly and, when asked questions by staff, speaks in a toneless manner and shows little expression. What is this behavior referred to as?

Affective flattening

Which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia involves mimicking another person's speech?

Echolalia

An individual who is diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder has symptoms of schizophrenia and which disorder?

A mood disorder

In which type of delusional disorder might someone be convinced their lover is cheating on them?

Jealous

Most people with schizophrenia go through a 1- to 2-year period before the serious symptoms occur, but when less severe yet unusual behaviors start to show themselves. What is this period called?

The prodromal phase

In which of the following situations would the risk of developing schizophrenia be the lowest for a child?

A child's non-schizophrenic parent has a schizophrenic fraternal twin

Which of the following is supportive of the idea that schizophrenia is related to excess dopamine activity?

Effective antipsychotic drugs are often dopamine antagonists

Research suggests that maternal exposure to influenza or other viruses during the second trimester may increase risk of schizophrenia in the child by which mechanism?

Damaging the fetal brain

Which of these responses best describes a communication style that is high in expressed emotion?

It is critical and hostile and reflects emotional

overinvolvement.

Chandler has schizophrenia and, with the help of a wrap-around program that includes psychotherapy, psychosocial support services, and antipsychotic medication, is doing quite well. However, Chandler has recently begun experiencing medication side-effects which involves involuntary chewing, puffing of the cheeks, and a protruding tongue which are very distressing. Which of the following is Chandler experiencing?

Tardive dyskinesia

What is the most common complaint reported by people taking antipsychotics?

It makes them drowsy

Which policies regarding people with severe persistent mental disorders like schizophrenia have often been poorly planned and result in many former patients becoming homeless?

Deinstitutionalization

Which approach to the treatment of schizophrenia involves helping the individual become an active participant in treatment?

Illness management and recovery