Understanding Bits and Bytes
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13 Terms
Binary digit or bit
A digit that corresponds to the on and off states of a computer’s switches. Contains a value of 0 or 1.
Binary language
The language computers use to process information consisting of only the digits 0 and 1.
Byte
Eight binary digits (or bits).
Computer
A data processing device that performs four major functions: gathers inputs, processes, outputs, and stores.
Data
Numbers, words, pictures, or sounds that represent facts, figures, or ideas.
Gigabyte (GB)
About 1 billion bytes.
Hertz (Hz)
Machine cycles per second
Information
Data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion.
Kilobyte (KB)
Approximately 1,000 bytes.
Megabyte (MB)
About 1 million bytes.
Terabyte (TB)
About 1 trillion bytes.
Petabyte (PB)
Approximately 1,000 terabytes.
Processing
Manipulating, calculating, or organizing data into information.
