* Gender Stratification: unequal access to power, prestige, and property on the basis of sex.
^^Sex and Gender:^^
* sex: biological. ex: male or female
* Gender': social, varies with culture
* you inherit sex, but learn gender
^^Biology or Culture:^^
* Biology: XY vs. XX chromosomes
* Sociologist: behavior would be same around the world towards gender.
* opening door to biology: a medical accident = twin boy sex change, genetics have an important way on how you perceived gender.
^^Origins of Patriarchy:^^
* Females: childbearing
* Men = hunters and warriors. Trade and Knowledge
* Men = dominant
* This continues todays, the old millennia patterns.
^^Feminist Movements:^^
* feminism: stratification according to gender is wrong
* 1st movement: 1920s right to vote
* 2nd movement: 1960s earn equal pay
* 3rd movement: today - removing the objectification of women, focus of women in least industrialized nations, work force qualities. ex: women in Iran, and over sexualizing women.
^^Gender Inequalities in the US^^
* Income Gap:
1. 2015 - median income
males: $50,385
females: $39,621 ( woman earn 81 cents to a man’s dollars)
2. Men over their lifetimes earn $650,000 more than women
3. 32 of the top Fortune 500 companies are own by women
* **Work Places:**
1. Glass ceiling: barriers to moving up in the workforce
2. Women are 46% of US labor force
3. Pink collar jobs: jobs that most women have. ex: receptionist, cashiers, secretaries, and bank tellers.
* **Health Care**
1. women are twice as likely to die following a coronary bypass surgery than man are.
* **Politics:**
1. underrepresented, but it is increasing
* **Education:**
1. gender tracking
2. library vs. construction
3. more women are in college than men.
4. Women in post-grad is increasing.
^^Gender Inequality Worldwide:^^
* higher illiteracy rates
* lower HS enrollment
* poorly represented in politics
* 10% in world politics.