Chemistry : Molecular Geometry

Mr. Beckers class :P

what is bond energy?

The amount of energy that it takes to break a bond

VSEPR?

electrons repel each other, so they’ll be as far away in space as possible

resonance

used to describe the actual structure of specific molecules by averaging out the forces in Lewis structures (double and triple bonds)

what are polar covalent bonds?

electrons shared unequally between two atoms due to different electronegativities making one more positive and one more negative.

what does the dipole moment influence about the molecule? how?

physical properties: higher boiling and melting points (more energy to break bond)

What criteria must you go through to know whether you have a dipole moment?

1. Figure out the amount of lone pairs and bonded pairs

2. Figure out if its asymmetrical or not

3. Find electronegativity difference (higher than 0.4 or equal to)

which is smaller, a cation or an anion?

Cations are usually smaller because they’ve lost electrons which make it more attractive to electrons

Describe a linear molecular shape

180 degrees

symmetrical

Describe a trigonal planar

120 degrees

3 bonded pairs

symmetric

Describe a tetrahedron

109.5

4 bonded pairs

symmetrical

Describe the trigonal pyramidal

107 degrees

asymmetrical

3 bonded and one lone pair

Describe a bent thing

2 lone pairs and 2 bonded

104.5

asymmetrical

Describe a trigonal bipyrimidal

5 bonded pairs at 120 and 90 degrees

octahedral

symmetrical

6 bonded paurs

90 degrees