CH 2 Polyatomics, Acids, Common Names, Alcohols

Hydroxide

OH^-

Hydronium

H₃O⁺

Ammonium

NH₄⁺

Nitrate

NO₃^-

Nitrite

NO₂^-

Perchlorate

ClO₄^-

Chlorate

ClO₃^-

Chlorite

ClO₂^-

Hypochlorite

ClO^-

Carbonate

CO₃^2-

Bicarbonate

HCO₃^-

Cyanide

CN^-

Sulfate

SO₄^2-

Sulfite

SO₃^2-

Phosphate

PO₄^3-

Hydrogen Phosphate

HPO₄^2-

Dihydrogen Phosphate

H₂PO₄^-

Phosphite

PO₃^3-

Acetate

CH₃COO^-

Permanganate

MnO₄^-

Water

H₂O

Ammonia

NH₃

Hydrogen Sulfate

H₂S

Methane

CH₄

Ethane

CH₃CH₃

Propane

CH₃CH₂CH₃

Hydrofluoric acid

HF

Hydrochloric acid

HCl

Hydrobromic acid

HBr

Hydroiodic acid

HI

Chloric acid

HClO₃

Perchloric acid

HClO₄

Nitric Acid

HNO₃

Sulfuric Acid

H₂SO₄

Aceteic acid

CH₃COOH

How do alcohol functional groups work for:

• Methanol

• Ethanol

• 1-Propane

• 2-Propane

When adding an -OH functional group to these molecules, simply add “ol” in the back of it.” the OH functional group replaces one H.

• Methanol

• Ethanol

Depending on the location of the functional group being on a specific carbon atom, it has a #- in front of it.

• 1-Propanol

  • connected to either the 1st or 3rd carbon atom

  • there is NO 3-Propanol because if you just turn the molecule around it is the same as 1-Propanol

• 2-Propanol

  • connected to the 2nd (middle) carbon atom