Chem test

Biochemistry

The study of chemistry involved in living organisms and life processes.

Cell

The basic structural unit of all living organisms.

Nucleus

The largest structure within a cell that contains DNA.

Macronutrients

Nutrients required in large amounts, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

Micronutrients

Nutrients required in smaller amounts, including vitamins and minerals.

Proteins

Polymers made of amino acids bonded by peptide bonds.

Essential Amino Acids

Amino acids that cannot be produced by the human body and must be ingested.

Non-Essential Amino Acids

Amino acids that can be synthesized by the body.

Globular Proteins

Proteins that fold and curl into complex shapes, affecting their function.

Primary Structure

The order of amino acids in a protein.

Secondary Structure

Folding into structures like alpha helices.

Tertiary Structure

The 3D folding pattern of a protein.

Quaternary Structure

Multi-unit structures of proteins.

Enzymes

Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions.

Carbohydrates

Polymers made of saccharides, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.

Saturated Fats

Fats that are solid at room temperature and have straight chains.

Unsaturated Fats

Fats that are liquid at room temperature and contain double bonds.

Triglycerides

Fats formed from three fatty acids and glycerol, serving as energy storage.

Complete Proteins

Proteins containing all essential amino acids in adequate quantities.

Daily Protein Intake

The recommended daily protein intake is 0.8 g per kilogram of body weight.

Fiber

Helps maintain fullness and digestive health, providing no calories.

Forensic Science

The application of science to criminal and civil laws enforced by police agencies.

Forensic Chemistry

The characterization of evidence including explosives, illicit drugs, and toxicology.

Illicit Drug Testing

A process involving screening tests and confirmation tests to identify unknown substances.

Color Tests

Preliminary tests that produce characteristic colors when mixed with specific reagents.

Gas Chromatography

An analytical technique used to separate components of a mixture for identification and quantification.

Psychotropic Drugs

Drugs that affect the human mind and are categorized into stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens.