my church history notes for final (12,&3)

first crusade

- Pope Urban II preached about avenging the honor of God.
-Offers the remission of sin for those who go.
- Two Stages:
1. In 1096 an army of peasants go, most from central Europe.
2. The nobles gather up. They reached Constantinople in 1097 and capture it.

second crusade

- The Muslims want Jerusalem. Benard of Clairvaux preached about the spiritual value of protecting the land. The king of France and Holy Roman Emperor listen and go.
- a Muslim named Saladin recaptured Jerusalem.
- Failed crusade

third crusade

- Kings Crusade. Phillip, Richard, and Frederick get their armies and go.
- Frederick drowns. Phillip and Richard argue, Phillip goes home.
- Militarily unsuccessful but convinced Saladin to allow Christians passage for spiritual travels.

½ crusade

Children's Crusade 1212- Nicholas got the German youth and Stephen got the French youth. 12 year old went off to fight, either starved to death, died in combat, or enslaved by Muslims

fourth crusade

Pope Innocent II rallies troops, they attempt a two sided approached.

fifth crusade

Goal is to capture a city called Damietta. Captured then lost it

sixth crusade

- Retry the southern route through Egypt.
- Lost Egypt but recaptured Jerusalem

seventh crusade

- Tried Southern route again and failed

eighth crusade

Christians hold Jerusalem very tentatively

french king: clovis

conquers modern france and became a roman catholic

french king: charles martel

his army defeats islam and stops it from coming further into europe

charles martel is known as the

hammerer

pepin the short

• son of charles martel

• the donation of pepon: defended rome, gained land and gave it to church

• declared the patrition of rome

french king: charlemagne

warrior king; son of pepin
believed the church represented the soul of the people and the state the body of people

charlemagne coronation

christmas day, pope leo the third crowns him the emporor of the holy roman empire

the papal letters is found supported in

• the pseudo isidorian decretals

augustine's view on predestination

- yes predestination
- based on foreknowledge (those who God loves are those who are predestined)

pelagius' view on predestination

- doesnt deny it
- based on foresight

pelagius background

- peer of Augustine - from british isles - a monk - is offended of what he sees so argues against Augustine

pelagius theology: two axioms

1. God is just 2. Man is responsible for his own actions

4 views of soteriology: pelagius

salvation is totally and casually from man

4 views of soteriology: semi-pelagianism

salvation originates in man and then proceeds by God in man

4 views of soteriology: semi-augustinian

salvation originates in God and then proceeds by God in man

4 views of soteriology: augustinian

salvation is totally and casually of God

Gregory the Great's contributions

expands the power of the roman bishop by
- missionary work
- gregorian chants
- debate with head of eastern church

gregory the great, aka

servant of the servants of God

muhammad

- herdsman of camels
- marries a rich woman and starts thinking since hes not working
- preaches around about monotheism
- after his death, his 'religion' started to spread rapidly

5 pillars of islam

1. SHAHADA : there is one god, allah
2. SALAT : prayer (5 times a day)
3. ALMS : tithes (2.5% of income)
4. SAWM : fast
5. HAJJ : migration to Mecca

hegira

muslim calendar; starts on when muhammad ran from Mecca to Medina

key events of Islam

- 632, Muhammad dies
- 638, mosque is built
- 640-732 was the convesion on islam all across many countires

Missionary: Columba goes to

englad

Missionary: columbanus goes to

sweden

Missionary: boniface goes to

italy, switzerland

Missionary: recard

spain
also combines church and state

qu’ran

The holy book of Islam; 2/3 length of nt