Nuclear models

Isotopes

Isotopes of an atom have the dame atomic number bit different masses due to a different number of neutrons

Beta+ decay occurs when...

A nucleus has too many protons

Beta+ decay produces...

a neutron, a positron and a neutrino

Beta- decay occurs when...

a nucleus of an atom has too many neutrons

Beta- decay produces...

a proton and an electron and an antineutrino

Alpha decay occurs when...

Alpha decay occurs for unstable nuclei that have an atomic number greater than 83.

Alpha particle are similar to..

The nuclei of a helium atom (2 protons 2 neutrons)

Gamma decay occurs when...

when a nucleus is left with excess energy after an alpha or beta decay.

Gamma radiation is...

a form of electromagnetic radiation. They do not have charge or mass and travel at the speed of light.

Mass number

Protons+ neutrons

Half life formula

N0 is the original number of nuclei
n is the number of half-lives
N is the number of nuclei after n half-lives

Nuclear fission

The splitting of an unstable nucleus, releases gamma radiation and three neutrons

Number of half lives are given by

n= log(N0/N) x 1/log(2)

reactants

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