Global systems and global governance

Geography Alevel

What is a customs union and what does it impose

Imposes a common external, tariff (CET) on imports from non-member countries and doesn’t allow free movement of capital and labour.

What is a common market

A group formed by countries within a geographical area

What does a common market promote and give an example.

Duty free trade and free movement of labour and capital. For example the European Union (EU)

describe the economic union

Members of this union share Common policies and contains free trade areas, CET, free labour and movement.

Give examples of the shared policies in the economic union. As well as an example.

Agriculture, fisheries, transport, pollution, industry, energy and development. The EU.

What’s a free trade area and give an example

A group of countries with little to no tariffs , the USMCA

What was the name of the treaty established by the EU for an economic union and when was it established.

Maastricht Treated which was established in 1993

What are positives of being a member of these groups.

-A greater chance of peace between member nations

-Allows economies of member countries to prosper and gives higher living standards

-Particular sectors eg agriculture can be supported

-Remote regions can receive support through funds to promote development eg great Yorkshire way

-People seeking work can move between countries.

What are the negatives of these groups

-An increased feeling of centralised government and an associated loss of sovereignty

-Fosters separatism as smaller regions feel more disenfranchised which means certain countries dominate eg France and Germany

-Loss of financial control

-Pressure to adopt certain legislation

-Conflict concerning shared resources such as water and fishing grounds

—Increased bureaucracy

-Fears over federalism where power is divided between the national government and other governmental u it’s eg the United States of America