History Final 2023

What year is the Berlin Conference?

1884

Define Imperialism.

Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

European countries were especially interested in establishing spheres of influence in which country?

China

Who wrote the poem "White Man's Burden"?

Rudyard Kipling

What is a proctectorate?

A state that is controlled and protected by another.

Which two European countries were involved in the Boer War?

The Dutch and the British

What was the name for the war between China and England in the mid-1800s?

Opium Wars

Explain what caused Japan to industrialize and end centuries of isolation.

Japan saw that they needed to catch up with the rest of the world's technology, they needed to modernize. The only way to do this was to industrialize.

Explain why the US was not involved in the scramble for Africa.

The US itself was not interested in building a colonial empire in Africa. The US was also dealing with the civil war and settling the west.

Why was the US interested in claiming Hawaii?

Hawaii is located in a convenient area. There are natural resources and it is a great place for a fuel stop.

The US overthrew which leader of Hawaii?

Queen Liliuokalani

Explain how the British were able to control India.

The British utilized local rulers who reported back to them. This made it convenient for them to be else where and it was effective.

Explain what is meant by this statement: "the sun never set on the British Empire."

This statement means that the British empire is very powerful. No matter where you went you were in British territory.

Explain how King Leopold ruled his African colony.

King Leopold ruled his African colony with total power and extreme force. He expected the people to work long and hard hours with severe punishment.

Which region of Africa did the French dominate?

West

Which two countries in Africa remained independent during the age of Imperialism?

Liberia and Ethiopia

Name an African country controlled by Italy

Libya

Name an African country controlled by Belgium

Belgian Congo

Name an African country controlled by Portugal

Angola

• What is a tithe? What % of their income did the peasants pay for the tithe?

Religious tax, usually 10%

What year does the French Revolution start?

1789

What % of the French Population on the eve of the Revolution is apart of the 3rd Estate?

98%

What % of the French population was apart of the Bourgeoise?

8%

Who was the king of France during the French Revolution?

Louis XVI

What does "Broaden the Franchise" mean

To expand the right to vote to more people.

Who was the publisher of the newspaper "The Friend of the People"

Jean Paul Marat

What was the nickname for Marie Antoinette?

Madame Deficit

Where was Marie Antoinette from?

Austria

What could a month's wages buy you during the French Revolution?

A loaf of bread

What was the French word for tax?

Taille

Which side of the building did the most radical people of the time sit on?

The left side

Why was the guillotine actually considered a reform?

Killed people more quickly, far less brutal than the old method.

What was one of Napoleon's cutting edge military tactics?

The calvary would stay in the back

What was the 12-member council that ran the government during the reign of terror?

Committee of Public Safety

What was the most important role of the queen?

To produce heirs

Why was Napoleon made fun of as a child?

Short and Italian accent (from the Island of Corsica)

Which Pope crowned Charlemagne for life?

Pope Leo III

Who invented the Spinning Jenny?

James Hargreaves

Which country was the second to industrialize?

Germany

What is an invention associated with the British textile industry?

The Flying Shuttle

Who invented the steam engine?

James Watt

Who invented the steam boat?

Robert Fulton

Who wrote "The Wealth of Nations"

Adam Smith

Which British economist concluded that poverty was unavoidable?

Thomas Malthus

What is another name for the field of economics?

Dismal science

Example in history of a fascist leader

Mussolini

Which utopian thinker set up a model community?

Robert Owens

How many countries were at the Berlin Conference?

14

Who wrote the poem "White Man's Burden"?

Rudyard Kipling

How many countries had summaries?

One, Germany

What was Woodrow Wilson's list of ideas called?

14 points

What political mistake did Woodrow Wilson make?

He only brought democrats.

What year is the Treaty of Versailles?

1919

Where is the Treaty of Versailles signed

Paris, France

What year did the US enter the war?

1917

What year dud US troops arrive?

1918

Explain what is meant by war of attrition.

Trying to kill as many people as possible.

Which region of Africa did France dominate?

West

Who was the evil Belgium King?

King Leopold III

What group of people was in the Second Estate?

Nobility

The First Estate owned what percent of French land?

10%

What was the Great Fear?

That the king was going to attack his own people

One feature of the constitution of 1791

All men were equal under the French constitution of 1791, but not women

What was the name for the most radical group of revolutionaries (they formed the Paris Commune)?

Jacobins

Who assassinated Marat?

Charlotte Corday

Who were the rural moderates of the national convention?

Girodans

What happened to therepresentatives of the Third Estate when they showed up for the meeting of the Third Estate?

The Third Estate got kicked out.

What did the king write in diary on the day the revolution started?

Nothing

Who led the most violent aspects of the French Revolution?

Robespierre

The prison stormed by angry French citizens was known as the

Bastille

Explain 2 causes of the French revolution

-The third estate was taxed severely more than any other class.

-The royal family were all living their best lives while the common people were starving.

Explain 2 reasons why Napoleon came to power.

-Robespierre was going off the deep end

-Napoleon helped re open the churches to win over the people

Explain one cutting edge military tactic used by Napoleon

-Napoleon's military were all highly trained and used guns

-Calvary in the back

Explain two parts of the Napoleonic Code:

-Limited free speech and press

-Restricted rights of women

-Reestablished slavery in the French colonies

-Brought stability and order to revolutionary trade

What were the "Sans-Coulettes"

New style of dress for the revolutionaries

Explain the message of this cartoon:

This cartoon portrays the social regime during/before the French Revolution. The Third Estate in shackles. The king on top of the Third Estate with the satchel. Clergy behind the king and the nobility behind the clergy.

What was the September Massacre?

Paris commune murdered about 1,200 people (common criminals) in city jails, assumed them to be counter revolutionaries. raised hostility to revolutionary government

What was the Committee on Public Safety?

What was Marseilles?

A song/tune soldiers marched to, from Port City

What was “*Levee en masse*”?

Large tax for the purpose of contributing to war effort.

Who was Maximilien Robespierre?

A shrewd lawyer and played a big role in the French Revolution and Reign of Terror. Believed in religious tolerance and Rousseau’s idea of general will. He believed violence was the only way to achieve justice/liberty.