F-R Roots

Exam 3

faci/

ex: facet, pacioplegia

face

fasc/

ex: fascial sheath, fascicle

band, bundle

fauna/

ex: avifauna

animals

febr/

ex: febrile, febricide

fever

fec/

ex: feces, defecate

sediment, dregs

fecund/

ex: fecundity

ability to produce offspring rapidly in large numbers

fertil/

ex: fertile, fertility

capacity to conceive

femin/

ex: feminine

individual that bears young, female

fer/

ex: afferent/efferent. seminiferous, Porifera

to bear, carry

fera/

ex: feral

wild beast

ferv/

ex: effervescence, fervor, fervescence, ferment

boil, hot

fibr/

ex: fiber, fibril, microfibrils, fibrous

fiber, thread-like

fil/

ex: filament, microfilament, filform, filerial

thread

fiss/

ex: fission, fissure

split

flagell/

ex: flagellum

whip

flat/

ex: inflate, deflate

to blow

flex/, flect/

ex: flexor, reflect, gunuflect

bend, turn

flor/

ex: flora, florist, inflorescence

flower, blossom

flu/

ex: flux, reflux, effluence/affluence, confluent

flow

foli/

ex: foliage, foliose, exfoliate

leaf

folli/

ex: follicle

bag

fora/

ex: foramen, perforate

bore, drill

frag/, fract/

ex: fragment, fracture, fraction

break

fruct/

ex: fructose, fructicose, frutivore

fruit

fug/

ex: centrifuge, refuge, fugitive

flee, put to light

furc/

ex: bifurcate

fork

jaund/

ex: jaundice

yellow

jacul/, ject/

ex: imject, eject, ejaculate

throw

jug/, junct/

ex: junction, conjunction, conjugate

join

juven/

ex: juvenile

young

kary/

ex: karyote, prokaryote, karyogamy, dikaryon

nut, kernel, nucleus

kerat/

ex: keratin, keratitis, kertoplasty, keratosis, keratinocyte

horn, cornea

kine/, (cine/)

ex: cytokinesis, kinetic energy, kinesiology, cinema

move

kelpt/

ex: kleptomaniac, kleptoparasitism

steal

lact/

ex: lactose, lactation, Lactobacillus

milk

lacun/

ex: lacuna, lacunae

small pit

lamin/, lamell/

ex: laminate, lamina -part of vertebral arch, lamella, middle lamella - space between plant cells

thin plate, layer

lance/

ex: lancet, lanceolate

spear, tapers to a point

later/

ex; bilateral, equilateral

side

lepid/

ex: Lepidoptera, lepidosis

scaly

lepr/

ex: leprosy, leper

scaly

leth/

ex: lethal, lethargy

death

leuk/

ex: leukocyte, leukemia, leukodystrophy

white

lex/, lect/

ex: lexicon, dyslexia, lecture

word, speech

liga/

ex: ligament, ligase

tie, bind

lign/

ex: lignin, lignified

wood

lin/

ex: line, linear, lineage

stripe, streak, line

lip/

ex: lipid, lipase, phospholipid bilayer, liposuction

oil, fat

lith/

ex: lithosphere, gastrolith, cholelith, cholelithectomy, lithphagous

(Gr.)

stone

loc/

ex: locus, location, dislocate, locule

place

log/

ex: analogous, dialogue

word, speech; -logy (study of)

lumin/, lumen/

ex: luminescence, bioluminescence, illuminate, lumen

1. light

2. cavity

luna/

ex: lunar, lunacy

moon

lys/

ex: lysis, lysosomes, hemolysis, analysis, dialysis, lysogenic, glycolysis

break up, digest

macer/

ex: macerate, emaciated

soften

mal/

ex: malignanct, malaria - (bad air)

(L.)

bad, evil

mamm/

ex: mammary, mammogram, mammal

(L.)

breast

mani/

ex: manuam kleptomania, pyromania, manic - (depressive)

rage, madness

mast/

ex: mastectomy, mastitis, mastoid bone, mastodon

(Gr.)

breast

mater/

ex: maternal, alma mater, dura mater

mother

matur/

ex: mature, maturation, premature

ripe

maxill/

ex: maxillary

jaw

maxim/

ex: maximum, gluteus maximus

greatest

mea/, meat/

ex: acoustic meatus, permeate

pass, passage

medi/

ex: medius - (middle)

medium

medull/

ex: adrenal medulla, medullary canal

innermost part

melan/

ex: melanin, melanocytes, melanoma

dark, black

menin/

ex: meningitis, meninges

membrane

ment/

ex: mental, dementia

mind

mit/

ex: mitosis, mitochondria

thread

mio/, meio/

ex: meiosis, miocardia

smaller, less

mne/

ex: amnesia, mnemonic device

memory

morph/

ex: morphology, amorphous, metamorphosis

form, shape

mort/

ex: mortician, postmortem, mortal, rigor mortis

death

mot/

ex: locomotion, motile, motility

move

mus/

ex: Mus musculus, muscle

(l.)

mouse

muta/

ex: mutation, mutagen

change

my/

ex: myosin, myocardial, Peromyscus

(Gr.)

mouse, muscle

myc/

ex: mycology, mycorrhzae

fungus

narc/

ex: narcotic, narcolepsy

numbness, stupor

nat/

ex: nativity, neonatal, prenatal, natality (natal sex ratio)

to be born, birth

naus/, naut/

ex: nautical, areonautic, nausea

ship, sail

necr/

ex: necrosis, necrotic

(Gr.)

dead

nem/, nemat/

ex: Nematoda, nematocyst

thread

nephr/

ex: nephron, protonephridia

kidney

neur/

ex: neuron, neirosis

nerve

neutr/

ex: neutral, neuter, neutrophil

neither

nod/

ex: lymph nod, nodule

knot, small mass of tissue

nom/, nome(i)n/

ex: binomial nomenclature nominate

name

nos/

ex: nosology, nosocomial infection

disease

nucle/

ex: nucleus, nucleolus, enucleate

little nut, kernal

nud/

ex: nude, nudibranch (slugs)

uncovered, naked

nutr/

ex: nutrition, nutrient

feed, nourish

ole/

ex: Olea, oleic acid, olive, petroleum

oil

omn/

ex: omnivore, omnipotent

all, every

onc/

ex: oncology, oncogene

tumor

onom/, onym/

ex: synonym, homonym, antonym, anonymous, onomatopoeia

(Gr.)

name

opercul/

ex: operculum

lid

onych/

ex: onycomycosis, Onychomys leucogaster

nail (of finger)

opi/

ex: opium, opiates

poppy juice