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Company
a legal entity created to conduct business, produce goods or services, and generate profit for owners or shareholders.
Business Entity
an organization formed to engage in commercial, industrial, or professional activities.
Shareholder
an individual or institution that owns one or more shares of a company and may receive dividends.
Limited Liability
a legal structure where owners/shareholders are only responsible for debts up to the amount invested in the company.
Profit Maximization
the goal of increasing the financial gain of a company for its shareholders.
Private Company
a company whose shares are not publicly traded; ownership is typically limited to founders, employees, or private investors.
Executive Management
officers (CEO, CFO, COO) who manage day-to-day operations and execute company strategy.
Corporate Governance
the framework of rules, practices, and policies used to direct and control a company, balancing interests of shareholders, management, and other stakeholders.
Public Company
a company whose shares are traded on a stock exchange and are available to the general public.
Mission Statement
a company's declaration of purpose, outlining its core goals and values.
Vision Statement
a forward-looking statement describing what a company wants to achieve in the long term.
Reinvestment Strategy
using profits to fund business expansion or research and development rather than paying them as dividends.
Profit vs. Growth Objective
companies may focus on short-term profitability, long-term growth, or balancing both.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
a company's commitment to ethical behavior, sustainability, and contributing positively to society.
Financial Sustainability
ensuring the company maintains long-term viability through prudent management and investment.
Corporate Structure
the legal and operational organization of a company, including divisions, subsidiaries, and parent companies.
Subsidiary
a company controlled by another company (parent company), often used to diversify operations or enter new markets.
Corporate Ethics
principles and standards guiding company behavior in business operations, stakeholder interactions, and compliance
Economic Value Added (EVA)
a measure of a company's financial performance that shows how much value is created beyond the cost of capital.
Holding Company
a parent corporation that owns enough voting stock in other companies to control their policies and management.
Regulatory Compliance
following laws, regulations, and industry standards to maintain legal operation and protect stakeholders.
Transparency
openness in financial reporting, decision-making, and communication with stakeholders.
Shareholder Rights
legal and contractual rights of shareholders, including voting, dividends, and access to information.
Corporate Strategy
long-term plan for achieving company goals, maximizing shareholder value, and sustaining competitive advantage.