Human Genome Project

Chromosome

 It is an organized structure of DNA that can be found within the nucleus of all human cells. It comprises a single chain of DNA that is coiled to form dense thread-like pieces.

Human Genome Project

An international research project whose primary mission is to decipher the chemical sequence of the complete human genetic material

Genome

Complete genetic material, all genes are put together

Made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Chromosome make-up

DNA

Contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique.

23

Humans have __ pairs of chromosomes

autosomes

22 pairs of numbered chromosomes

X and Y

Sex Chromosomes?

genetic disorder

A change in the DNA sequence of an organism

Map and understand all the genes of human beings (1988)

Main goal of the Human Genome Project

U.S. National Academy of Sciences

Who articulated the main goal of the Human Genome Project

National Center for Human Genome Research (1989)

The Office of Human Genome Research evolved into the -

National Institutes of Health, Department of Energy

later adopted through a detailed series of five-year plans jointly written by the _____ and the _______

James D. Watson,  Francis Crick

The center's first director is _____, co-discoverer with ____ of the double-helical structure of DNA.

1990

The year where HGP officially begins

1992

Year where James Watson resigns as first director.

Michael Gottesman

He was appointed as acting NCHGR director.

Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D. (1993)

He is appointed as director of the National Center for Human Genome Research.

1994

Year where First Human Genome Project mapping goal is met.

1996

Year where Pilot study explores feasibility of sequencing human DNA.

Bases

The full-scale effort to sequence all 3 billion letters (referred to as ___) that make up the human DNA instruction book.

1999

Year where the HGP announced the successful completion of the pilot phase

2001

Year where the HGP has created a free multimedia kit to serve as an educational tool for high school students and the general public.

2002

Year where The Internet is teeming with user's guides for everything from cell phones to the space station. This is to encourage greater scientific exploration of public databases containing the human genome sequence.

2003

Year where an accurate and complete human genome sequence was finished and made available to scientists and researchers two years ahead of the original Human Genome Project schedule and at a cost less than the original estimated budget.

2004

Year where the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium published its scientific description of the finished human genome sequence

35,000, 20,000-25,000

The International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reduced the estimated number of human protein-coding genes from _____ to only ______ , a surprisingly low number for human species.