Anatomy Lab Midterm

Chin

The mental region refers to where?

Ear

The otic region refers to where?

Calf

The sural region refers to where?

Simple cuboidal epithelial

What kind of tissue?

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

What kind of tissue?

Stratified squamous keratinized

What kind of epithelium?

Dense irregular connective tissue

What kind of tissue?

Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

What kind of tissue?

Loose areolar connective tissue

What kind of tissue?

Adipose

What kind of tissue?

Dense regular collagenous CT

What kind of tissue?

Spongy bone

What kind of tissue?

Compact bone

What kind of tissue?

Hyaline cartilage

What kind of tissue?

Fibrocartilage

What kind of tissue?

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Types of joints: f_____, c________, s_______

Primary tissues

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous are all types of ____ _____

simple, stratified, pseudostratified

3 main subdivisions of epithelium

Areolar

Loose connective tissue is also known as what?

Connective tissue proper

Loose (areolar) CT, dense regular CT, dense irregular CT, reticular CT, and adipose tissue are the types of ____ ____ _____

regular, irregular

Dense connective tissue has two categories: _____ and ______

hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage

The types of cartilage CT are: h_____ ______, f___________, e______ _____

Periosteum

Most superficial tissue of a bone

Osteon

Repeating subunit of bone

Central canal

Runs down the center of each osteon

Lamellae

Rings of bone similar to tree rings that surround the central canal

Lacunae

Small cavities in bone

Perforating canals

Run perpendicular to the lamellae and carry blood vessels from deep in the bone to the periosteum

Trabeculae

Spongy bone is made of what?

depressions

The markings: facet, fossa, fovea, groove, and sulcus are all _____

Facet

Shallow indented surface where two bones meet to form a joint

Fossa

Deeper indented surface in a bone that usually allows a rounded surface of another bone to fit inside of it

Fovea

Shallow pit; often the site of attachment for a ligament

Groove

Allows a blood vessel to travel along the bone’s surface

Sulcus

Also known as a groove

Openings

Canals, fissures, foramen, meatus are all types of ____

Meatus

Another name for a canal in a bone

Condyle

Round end of a bone that fits into a fossa or facet of another bone at a joint

Crest

Ridge along a bone, generally a site of muscle attachment

Epicondyle

Small projection usually proximal to a condyle

Head

Rounded end of the bone that fits into a fossa to form a joint

Line

Ridge along a bone where a muscle attaches

Process

Any bony projection

Protuberance

An outgrowth from a bone due to repetitive pull from a muscle

Trochanter

Large bony projection, only example is in femur

Tubercle

Small rounded projection

Tuberosity

Larger tubercle

Fibrous

Type of joint where the bones are joined by short collagen fibers (most are synarthroses). Include sutures, gomphoses, and syndesmoses.

Cartilaginous

Symphyses and synchondroses are types of ____ joints

Synovial

Planes, saddles, hinges, and ball-and-socket joints are all kinds of ____ joints

Plane

The bones of this kind of joint have flat articular surfaces that allow the bones to glide past one another

Condyloid

This kind of joint consists of one bone that fits into the concave surface of another bone, such as the radiocarpal or metacarpophalangeal joints

Saddle

Similar to condyloid joints but permit a greater ROM

Pivot

Type of synovial joint where one bone rotates around another bone

Protraction

Movement anteriorly away from the body (such as the jaw in an underbite)

Retraction

Movement posteriorly towards the body (such as the jaw in an overbite)

Mastoid process

Structure of the temporal bone that is palpable behind the ear

Styloid process

Large, inferiorly pointing structure of the temporal bone

Jugular

What foramen

Mandibular fossa

depression in the temporal bone that forms the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

squamous, petrous

The two parts of the temporal bone are the ___ and ____ parts

Occipital condyle

Paired structure of the occipital bone on both sides of the foramen magnum

Foramen magnum

Largest cranial foramen

Optic canal

Most anterior foramen of sphenoid bone

Sella turcica

Saddle on sphenoid bone

Crista galli

What is the ridge of the cribriform plate called

Alveolar process

Structure of the maxilla that supports the teeth

Mental foramen

Foramen near the chin

Mandibular condyle

The head of the mandible

Coronoid process

The other projection on the mandible besides the mandibular condyle

Mandibular notch

In between mandibular condyle and coronoid process

Ramus

Ridge on the body of the mandible

Inferior nasal conchae

Side bones of nasal cavity

Vomer

Forms nasal septum

Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxillary

List the sinuses in order from superior to inferior

Atlas

Which is wider, the atlas or axis?

Cervical

What kind of vertebrae has a bifid (forked) spinous process

Thoracic

What kind of vertebrae has a inferiorly pointing spinous process

Lumbar

What kind of vertebrae has a blunt square spinous process L

7, 12, 5,

How many cervical, thoracic, and lumbar?

sacral promontory

Part of sacrum that projects superiorly into the pelvic cavity

Sacral canal

Part of posterior side of sacrum where spinal nerve roots pass through

Manubrium

Top part of the sternum

Body

Middle part of the sternum

coccyx

Bottom part of sacrum

Xiphoid process

Bottom part of sternum

7, 5, 2

How many true, false, and floating ribs are there?

costal cartilage

The cartilage attaching the ribs to the sternum is called what

Sternal

What part of the rib attaches to the costal cartilage

Costal groove

The ridge on the rib is called what

tubercle

The head of the rib is largely identifiable due to this structure close by it:

head

The posterior end of the rib is called what?

Greater and lesser horns

The horns of the hyoid are called the ___ ____ _____ _____

Sternal

The flat end of the clavicle is which end?

Acromial end

The curved rounded end of the clavicle is which end?

Conoid tubercle

The protrusion off of the clavicle is called what

Acromion

The most anterior and lateral part of the scapula is what

Coracoid process

What is below the acromion on the scapula

Glenoid cavity

The socket where the shoulder is held is called what

lateral, superior, medial border

The edges of the scapula are called the l_____, s______, and _______ ______