Skin Structure,Growth, and Nutrition

Dermatologist

physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails

Lack of water is the principal cause of

daytime fatigue

Healthy skin has a _______________ texture and is smooth

fine-grained

Carbohydrates

the nutrient needed for energy to run every function within the body

One of the best ways to follow a healthy diet is to

read food labels

The USDA recommends that people eat

moderate amounts of salt and sugar

To keep your body healthy, you must be sure that what you eat helps to

regulate the overall function of your cells

Vitamins

are considered nutritional supplements

The amount and type of pigment produced in an individual is determined by

his or her genes

Water makes up __________of the body's weight and is necessary for virtually every function of the cells and body

50-70 percent

Vitamin C

aids in and accelerates the skin's healing processes and is vitally important in fighting the aging

Appendages of the skin include hair, nails, and

sudoriferous and sebaceous glands

The layers of skin and fat from the outermost layer to the innermost layer

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

The epidermis is

the thinnest layer of the skin

Stratum corneum

the outer layer of the epidermis

As cells die they are pushed to the surface to replace dead cells that are shed from the

stratum corneum

Stratum lucidum

the clear, transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum corneum

Stratum germinativum

the layer of the epidermis also known as the basal cell layer

Stratum spinosum

the layer of the epidermis where the process of skin cell shedding begins

The papillary layer

the layer directly beneath the epidermis

Dermal papillae

small, cone-shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles

Subcutaneous

fatty tissue found below the dermis

Gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fats for use as energy, and also acts as a protective cushion for the skin

subcutaneous tissue

Skin gets its strength, form, and flexibility from

collagen and elastin

The scalp has larger and deeper _____________ than the skin on the rest of the body

hair follicles

Motor nerve fibers

are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attached to the hair follicles

Nerves that regulate the excretion of perspiration from the sudoriferous glands and control the flow of sebum to the surface of the skin

secretory nerve fibers

Secretory nerve fibers

react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain

The sudoriferous glands

excrete perspiration, detoxify the body, and regulate body temperature

During excretion, perspiration from the _____________ is excreted through the skin

sudoriferous glands

The secretory coli

the coiled base of the sudoriferous gland

Sebum

a fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair i

Emotional stress and hormone imbalances can increase the flow of

sebum

Papule

a small elevation on the skin that contain no fluid but may develop pus

Pustule

a raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion