5.6 how climate change affects hydrological cycle

what are the inputs of a hydrological cycle

precipitation, melt water

what are the flows of a hydrological cycle

surface runoff, groundwater flow, infiltration, channel flow, through flow, percolation

what are the stores of a hydrological cycle

river, glacier, groundwater, interception, soil moisture, surface store

what are the outputs of a hydrological cycle

evaporation, transpiration, channel flow

what is evidence of a melting cry-sphere

swiss alps lost 10% of glaciers in a year

what is evidence of increased drought

1/3rd planet had increase

what is evidence of increased capacity of the atmosphere to hold water

1 degree increase in atmosphere = 7% increase in moisture

what does increased greenhouse gases lead to

more heat trapped in the atmosphere, so increased temps on water and land so melting of cryosphere, so more evaporation, increased drought, enhanced storm intensity so increased precipitation and capacity of water in atmosphere

where are droughts most

middle east, usa, south africa

what has happened to flooding in iceland by 2100

decreased

what will happen to flooding in the uk by 2100

increase

what will happen to flooding in europe by 2100

decrease to every 500 years

what will happen to flooding in china by 2100

flooding every 5 years

what will happen to flooding in central africa by 2100

flooding every 25-50 years

what will happen to flooding in south america by 2100

flooding every 25-50 years

what will happen to temperature in manaus, brazil

drying of amazon increases temp, decrease humidity, global impacts on carbon cycle

what will happen to temp, drought and flooding in mphampha, malawi

extreme temp, drought and flash flooding

what will happen to flooding in dhaka, bangladesh

increase coastal flooding, rising sea levels

what will happen in manila, philippines to temp and flooding

multiple climate change impacts, rising sea levels, increase temps, more rain, more extreme weather events

what will happen to flooding in new york, usa

rising sea levels (76cm by 2024), storm surges, flooding

what will happen to murcia, spain to temp and drought

1.4 degree rise, demand for water and drought

what will happen to temp in longyearbyen, norway

dramatic climate warming, avalanches, melting permafrost

what has happened to sahel since 1996

several wet years and droughts

what is re greening

the conversion of dry landscapes to productive farming

how are they re greening the sahel

planting trees and bushes, water harvesting techniques, natural regenerating of water retaining shrubs and trees

why is re greening the sahel good

increase yields for farmers, lost cost reforesting

how much rainfall has the sahel experienced

1970-80 90% rainfall between july and september and 40% decline in rainfall 1950-80

what is the food situation in sahel 1983-85

lack of food due to drought cause 1m deaths in ethiopia

what is california experiencing

variations in rainfall, droughts and wildfires, mega droughts last 30 years, farmers abandoning fields, increased evaporation

what are california now having to do in order to keep up with demands for water

use groundwater

what are Californians states 2 largest lake water capacities at now

down to 40% capacity

what happened between 2010-17 in california

8 years of drought

what do california lack now

lack winter storms so less snow which is crucial as melt water provides 1/3rd of water