1.1 Understanding and working with neurodevelopmental complexity (E)

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17 Terms

1

Traditional umbrella terms

Terms like ADHD or autism that assume one condition is the primary diagnosis and that comorbidity is not common.

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2

Neuro

The argument that all psychiatric issues have their origins in the brain and should be considered as "neuro."

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3

Neurodevelopmental problems

Criticized for implying that these issues only exist during the developmental stage.

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4

ESSENCE

Early Symptomatic Syndromes Eliciting Neurodevelopmental Clinical Examinations, a comprehensive approach that acknowledges comorbidity, overlapping symptoms, and changing presentations over time.

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5

Tailored support and treatment

The application of ESSENCE that emphasizes examining every child with autistic or ADHD symptoms for other problems and providing early assistance through a cohesive team of professionals.

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6

Developmental issues

Intellectual disability (ID) and autism (ASD) can cause long-term problems, including social difficulties and psychiatric problems in teenagers.

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7

ESSENCE neutrality

ESSENCE doesn't align with either neuropsychiatry or neurodevelopment but emphasizes the link between early-onset symptomatic conditions and clinical examinations.

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8

ESSENCE development

Ongoing research worldwide for 45 years involving new methods, genetics, brain chemistry, brain imaging, and finding common ground on how different conditions should be grouped.

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9

Prevalence of ESSENCE

Approximately 10% of the population, higher in boys (13%) than girls (7%), with around 8% of boys and 2% of girls seeking medical attention before the age of 10.

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10

When to suspect ESSENCE

In children displaying signs of abnormal development, behavioral disorders, or significant mood swings or problems that have been present for an extended period.

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11

Outcome of ESSENCE

Long-term problems persist into adulthood, including difficulties in social interaction, communication, learning, reading and writing, motor coordination, and attention.

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12

Prevalence in adulthood

Approximately 5% of the adult population still exhibits diagnosable ESSENCE-related problems, with additional individuals grappling with underlying issues.

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13

Comorbid conditions

Most adults with ESSENCE meet criteria for additional diagnoses such as depression, anxiety, pain disorder, personality disorders, and drug addiction.

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14

Functional implications

A significant portion of those affected end up on early retirement, unemployment benefits, or welfare, and a notable percentage of individuals with ADHD become involved in the criminal justice system.

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15

Positive outcomes

In cases of autism and Tourette's syndrome, positive outcomes can occur with early diagnosis, information, and support, leading to artistic aptitude, creative thinking, and success in various fields.

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16

Comorbidity in ESSENCE

It is common for individuals with ESSENCE to have multiple co-occurring conditions.

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17

Gender differences

Most conditions within the ESSENCE group are more commonly observed in boys, highlighting a potential gender bias in diagnosis and recognition.

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