Diagnostics of Communication Disorders Exam 1

a good asessment is

-very thorough

• uses a variety of assessments

• evidence-based

• specialized for the client

content in psychometric principles is

that the content actually supports what the tests states it tests

The construct of psychometric principles is that it

dictates that the measured behavior is supported by the theory and evidence

concurrent in testing means

outcomes give the same outcomesof the standard

split-half

if the test’s first half is like the second half

intra rater

reliabillity assesses the consistencey of the same rater

inter rater

the consistency between multiple raters

sensitivity

the abillity to test to correctly identify those with the ccondition

specificity

the ability to test those correctly and identify those without the conditionability

high sensitivity equals

snNout false negatives

high specificity equals

few false positives

mild delay/disorder standard mean 

1-1.5 standard deviations below the mean or 84-76.5

moderate delay/disorder

1.5-2.0 standards b elow the mean or 76-70.5

severe delay/disorder

2.0 standard deviations below mean or less than equal to 70

how to calculate a z-score

observed score - mean divided by standard deviation

who do we assess? (our audience)

clients and family, clients in our profession, attorneys, or other appointed persons

history case or interview should include information from

the client, family member/guardian, other professionals

selecting the best assessment tools should include

the client's cognitive function, primary secondary languages, hearing/vision, motor and endurance, cultural influences/preferences, family dynamics

including recommendations:

no disorder, perhaps monitor, yes, delay/disorder, difficulties in any other domain

drawbacks of norm-referenced tests

standardized tests followed exactly

criterion-referenced tests are

a fixed set of predetermined material

why we use criterion-referenced tests

many are widely recognized, can be standardizedrecognized and

drawbacks of authentic assessment

not standardized, 3rd party, and requires a hih level of clinical experience of the observer/administrator

standard precautions of health safety

hand washing, PPE, disinfectiong tables,materials between clients

oral motor exam structures also include

strength and range of motion, interoral pressure

why is tongue structure and movement important?

important for swallowing, articulation and speech production, structure and function

what do you look for in teeth?

condition of the teeth; do they have dentals?

language definition

a rule-based system that is a shared understanding, syntax, morphology, pragmatics

dialect

a way of expressing language, vocab, grammar, phonology, varies per region

accent

variation in speech sound production, impacted by region, socioeconomic class, another language

What is the role of an SLP

1. needs to know the difference between language disorder and language difference

2. only treats disorders and not language difference

3. accent modifications for those who want the service 

impact of over identification in misdiagnosis

1. giving people services they don’t need and missing out on general education.

2. stigma to being pulled out of class at a later age

3. not using finite reasons well

under identification in misdiagnosis impact

1. language services that are critical and impactful for those in need

2. Language skills negatively impact educational outcomes

how do you obtain cultural competence?

1. aspirational, lifelong  commitment

2. address your own beliefs and biases,

3. actively learn about other cultures

processing-based assessment NWR positives

not bound to particular semantics and is a significant predictor of language and phonological processing skills

dyslexia, developmental delay and kids struggle with these tasks

AAC definition

augmenitive alternative communication

augmenitive definition

something that helps in addition to verbal communication

alternatice definition

takes the place of communication modes like gestures, facial body posture, picture representations, and verbalized, signed, and written language.

diagnosis for AAC

need a specialized SLP in that scope of practice, needs to know how diagnosis effects patients

considerations for AAC

cognition ability, age, sensory issues, motor skill ability, vision/hearing, understanding culture and acceptance

current communication status for AAC

1. how are the communicating right now?

2. how are they getting their wants and needs met?

3. whats working weell with the system, whats not working?