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210 Terms

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Precept

A general rule or principle meant to guide behavior or thought

👉 "The golden rule is a common precept: treat others how you want to be treated."

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Copiously

Definition (Adverb): In large amounts; abundantly or generously

👉 He took notes copiously during the lecture to make sure he didn’t miss anything.

👉 She wept copiously after hearing the news, unable to control her emotions.

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Freight

Definition (Verb): To transport or load goods, or to burden something (often metaphorically)

👉 (Noun) The freight train carried tons of coal across the country.

👉 (Verb) His words were freighted with unspoken emotion.

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Bona fides

Definition (Noun – plural, from Latin): A person’s real qualifications, credentials, or demonstrated honesty and sincerity

👉 The candidate presented her bona fides to prove she was qualified for the position.

👉 His years of service gave him the bona fides to lead the project with authority.

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Ascertainable

Definition (Adjective): Capable of being discovered, determined, or made certain through investigation or evidence

👉 The cause of the accident was clearly ascertainable through security footage.

👉 The truth is only ascertainable after gathering all the facts.

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Aspersions

Definition (Noun – plural): Damaging or derogatory remarks; statements meant to attack someone’s character or reputation

👉 He cast aspersions on her integrity without any real proof.

👉 The politician’s speech was filled with aspersions against his opponent.

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Derogatory

Definition (Adjective): Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude; intended to belittle or insult

👉 He made derogatory comments about her appearance that offended the entire group.

👉 The article was full of derogatory language aimed at the opposing party.

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Odious

Definition (Adjective): Extremely unpleasant; deserving or causing hatred or strong dislike

👉 The villain’s odious actions shocked even his allies.

👉 They passed an odious law that stripped people of basic rights.

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missives

Definition: Formal written messages or letters

👉 "She sent long missives to her friend while studying abroad."

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apparatus

Definition: A system or set of tools used for a specific purpose

👉 "The lab’s heating apparatus malfunctioned during the experiment."

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beset

Definition: Troubled or attacked by difficulties or problems from all sides

👉 “She was beset by doubts as the competition approached.”

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overhaul

Definition: A thorough repair, improvement, or reworking of something

👉 "The school underwent a complete curriculum overhaul last year."

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lest

Definition: For fear that; to avoid the risk of something happening

👉 "He spoke quietly, lest he wake the baby."

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arbitrary

Definition: Based on personal whim or random choice rather than any reason or system

👉 "The teacher’s arbitrary seating chart seemed to have no rhyme or reason."

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veritable

Definition: Truly or genuinely (used to emphasize something as real or intense)

👉 "The storm was a veritable disaster, flooding every street in town."

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affective

Definition: Related to emotions, moods, or feelings

👉 "The therapist focused on the patient’s affective responses to stress."

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rolodex

Definition: A rotating file device used to store business contact information; now often used metaphorically to mean a mental or digital list of contacts or ideas

👉 “He flipped through his mental Rolodex, trying to remember her name.”

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corollaries

Definition: Natural consequences or logical results of something

👉 “One of the corollaries of skipping practice is poor performance on game day.”

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predisposition

Definition: A natural tendency or inclination toward something (often emotional or behavioral)

👉 "He had a predisposition toward anxiety, even in calm situations."

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dredge

Definition: To bring something up, often from deep down—physically or emotionally

👉 "The movie dredged up old memories he thought he’d forgotten."

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obscure

Definition: Unclear, hard to understand, or not well known

👉 "The meaning of the poem was obscure, buried under layers of symbolism."

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disintegrating

Definition: Breaking apart or falling to pieces; losing strength or unity

👉 "The old papers were disintegrating in his hands."

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dispossessed

Definition: Deprived of home, possessions, or power—often forced out or displaced

👉 "The war left thousands dispossessed and searching for refuge."

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surrogate

Definition: A substitute—someone or something that takes the place of another

👉 "He saw his coach as a surrogate father figure."

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phallic

Definition: Relating to or resembling a phallus (penis); often used in symbolic or psychological contexts to represent power or masculinity

👉 "The skyscraper’s design was intentionally phallic, symbolizing dominance and ambition."

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apocryphal

Definition: A story or statement of doubtful authenticity, even if widely believed to be true

👉 "The tale of Washington and the cherry tree is likely apocryphal."

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invariably

Definition: Always; without fail or exception

👉 "He invariably arrives late, no matter how early we start."

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intone

Definition: To say something slowly and clearly, often with a serious or formal tone

👉 "He intoned the oath with solemn conviction."

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liturgical

Definition: Related to formal public worship or religious rituals, especially in Christianity

👉 "The church followed a strict liturgical calendar for its ceremonies."

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communion

Definition: A deep sharing of thoughts, emotions, or spirit with others or something greater

👉 "He felt a moment of communion with the music, as if it spoke directly to his soul."

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illicit

Definition: Illegal or forbidden by law, rules, or custom

👉 "They were caught in an illicit trade of rare artifacts."

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portends

Definition: To be a sign or warning that something (often bad) is likely to happen

👉 "Dark clouds portend an approaching storm."

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mundane

Definition: Ordinary, dull, or lacking excitement; often refers to everyday tasks

👉 "He was tired of the mundane routine of school and work."an

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antipathy

Definition: A strong feeling of dislike or hostility toward something or someone

👉 "She felt a deep antipathy toward injustice in any form."

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chalice

Definition: A large cup or goblet, often used in religious ceremonies

👉 "The priest raised the chalice during the sacred ritual."

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Interloper

Definition: A person who becomes involved in a place or situation where they are not wanted or don’t belong

👉 "He felt like an interloper at the fancy gala, completely out of place."

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propriety

Definition: Proper behavior or manners; following social or moral rules

👉 "She always spoke with great propriety, even in heated debates."

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disparate

Definition: Fundamentally different or distinct in kind

👉 "They came from disparate backgrounds but worked well together."

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marshaled

Definition: Gathered, organized, or directed (especially resources, people, or arguments) for a purpose

👉 "She marshaled her thoughts before responding to the accusation."

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sumptuous

Definition: Luxurious, rich, or splendid in appearance or quality

👉 "They dined in a sumptuous hall filled with golden decor and velvet chairs."

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Preposition

Definition: A part of speech that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence (like location, time, or direction)

👉 "In the sentence 'The book is on the table,' the word 'on' is a preposition."

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virile

Definition: Having qualities traditionally associated with masculinity, especially strength and energy

👉 "The actor was admired for his virile presence and commanding voice."

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saga

Definition: A long, involved story, often about heroic deeds or a dramatic series of events

👉 "The film tells a gripping saga of survival against all odds."

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enterprise

Definition: A project or venture, especially one that is difficult or requires initiative and effort

👉 "Starting a nonprofit organization was a bold enterprise fueled by passion."

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upshot

Definition: The final result or outcome of a situation

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👉 "The upshot of the meeting was that they agreed to delay the launch."

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ramparts

Definition: Defensive walls or barriers, often around a castle or fortress

👉 "The soldiers stood watch on the ancient stone ramparts overlooking the valley."

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sublimation

Definition: The process of channeling strong or unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable actions or expressions; also a phase change from solid to gas in science

👉 "He turned his anger into art—a clear act of emotional sublimation."
👉 "Dry ice undergoes sublimation, changing directly from solid to gas."

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dictum

Definition: A formal statement or authoritative declaration; often a short, wise saying

👉 "Her favorite dictum was, 'Actions speak louder than words.'"

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novella

Definition: A short novel or a long short story, typically focusing on a single event or character arc

👉 "We read a haunting novella that explored the nature of guilt in under 100 pages."

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governess

Definition: A woman employed to educate and care for children in a private household

👉 "The governess taught the children reading, manners, and French each morning."

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wards

Definition: People, often children, placed under the protection or care of someone else, typically by law

👉 "After their parents died, the siblings became wards of the state.”

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prominently

Definition: In a way that is easily noticeable or stands out clearly

👉 "Her name was prominently displayed at the top of the honor roll list."

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expatriate

Definition: A person who lives outside their native country

👉 "As an expatriate in France, she often missed the food and customs of home."

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Ostensibly

Definition: Apparently or seemingly true, but possibly not actually the case

👉 "He was ostensibly on vacation, but everyone knew he was working remotely."

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jaunt

Definition: A short trip taken for pleasure

👉 "They took a weekend jaunt to the mountains to relax and recharge."

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wanton

Definition: Deliberate and unprovoked (often describing cruel actions); can also mean sexually unrestrained

👉 "The soldiers were punished for their wanton destruction of the village."

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wane

Definition: To gradually decrease in size, strength, or intensity

👉 "His enthusiasm began to wane after weeks of little progress."

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voyeurism

Definition: The act of gaining pleasure from watching others, often in a secretive or inappropriate way—can also refer to excessive curiosity about others’ private lives

👉 "The film critiques the culture of voyeurism in modern media."

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vicarious

Definition: Experienced through the feelings or actions of another person

👉 "She lived vicariously through her son’s adventures abroad."

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clique

Definition: A small, exclusive group of people who often don't allow others to join

👉 "The new student found it hard to break into the tightly knit clique."

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spectacle

Definition: A visually striking performance or display; something impressive or dramatic to witness

👉 "The fireworks show was a dazzling spectacle that lit up the whole sky."

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guises

Definition: Outward appearances or disguises, often used to hide true intentions or identity

👉 "He approached under various guises, pretending to be someone else each time."

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faux

Definition: Fake or imitation, especially meant to resemble something genuine

👉 "She wore a faux fur coat that looked just like the real thing."

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wholly

Definition: Completely or entirely

👉 "He was wholly unprepared for the intensity of the competition."

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disjointed

Definition: Lacking clear connection or organization; jumbled or fragmented

👉 "Her essay felt disjointed, jumping from one idea to another without transitions."

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virtually

Definition: Almost entirely; nearly, though not completely

👉 "The room was virtually silent after the shocking announcement."

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perennial

Definition: Lasting or recurring for a long time; enduring or constant

👉 "Poverty remains a perennial issue in many parts of the world."

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cribbed

Definition: Copied or plagiarized, especially in a sneaky or dishonest way

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👉 "He cribbed his entire essay from an online source without citing it."

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imposed

Definition: Forced something to be accepted or put in place, often without consent

👉 "The government imposed strict new regulations on travel."

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recesses

Definition: Hidden or inner parts of something, often dark, remote, or hard to reach

👉 "She searched the deepest recesses of her mind for the memory."

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Destitute

Definition: Extremely poor; lacking the basic necessities of life

👉 "After losing everything in the fire, the family was left destitute."

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Irreprehensible

Definition: Not deserving of blame; cannot be rebuked

👉 “His behavior was deemed irreprehensible under the circumstances.”

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Potentate

Definition: A powerful ruler or monarch, especially one with absolute power

👉 “The ancient city was ruled by a mysterious and feared potentate.”

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Gangrene

Definition: The death and decay of body tissue due to loss of blood supply, often from infection

👉 “If untreated, the wound could develop gangrene and require amputation.”

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Subverting

Definition: Undermining the power, authority, or effectiveness of something—especially from within

👉 “The film was accused of subverting traditional values through satire.”

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Disposed

Definition: Inclined or willing toward a particular attitude or action

👉 “She felt kindly disposed toward the new student.”

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Folly

Definition: Lack of good sense or judgment; a foolish act or idea

👉 “It would be sheer folly to ignore the warnings before the storm.”

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dismay

Definition: A feeling of shock, sadness, or disappointment caused by something unexpected

👉 "There was widespread dismay when the team lost in the final seconds."

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metafictional

Definition: Referring to fiction that self-consciously draws attention to its status as a work of fiction

👉 "The novel’s metafictional style broke the fourth wall and commented on its own narrative structure."

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subsequently

Definition: Afterward; following in time or order

👉 "He missed the bus and subsequently arrived late to the interview."

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trivial

Definition: Of little value or importance; insignificant

👉 "They argued over a trivial detail that didn’t affect the outcome."

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wily

Definition: Clever and full of trickery or cunning, especially to achieve a goal

👉 "The wily fox outsmarted all the traps set by the farmer."

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teem

Definition: To be full of or overflowing with things, often living or moving

👉 "The rainforest was teeming with life at every level of the canopy."
👉 "Markets teem with energy during the holidays."

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miser

Definition: A person who hoards money and is reluctant to spend it, even at the cost of comfort or generosity

👉 "The miser refused to buy a new coat, even in the dead of winter."

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precursors

Definition: Things or people that come before something else and often lead to or influence it

👉 "The early computer models were precursors to modern laptops."
👉 "Steam engines served as a precursor to more advanced industrial machinery."

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transpire

Definition: To happen or occur, often gradually or unexpectedly

👉 "It transpired that she had known the truth all along."
👉 "As the day wore on, strange events began to transpire."

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Overtly

Definition: Openly; in a clear and obvious way, without trying to hide it

👉 "He overtly challenged the teacher’s authority in front of the class."
👉 "The ad was overtly political, leaving no room for subtlety."

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decrees

Definition: Official orders or decisions made by someone in authority

👉 "The king issued several decrees to restore order in the kingdom."
👉 "Under new government decrees, curfews were enforced across the city."

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outlandishness

Definition: The quality of being bizarre, extremely unusual, or unfamiliar

👉 "The outlandishness of his costume turned every head at the party."
👉 "Her novel’s outlandishness set it apart from anything else on the shelf."

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correspondences

Definition: Similarities or connections between things; also can mean written communications (like letters)

👉 "The essay draws subtle correspondences between myth and modern psychology."
👉 "Their long-distance friendship was kept alive through frequent correspondences."

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foretells

Definition: Predicts or warns about something before it happens

👉 "The dark sky foretells an approaching storm."
👉 "The novel’s opening scene subtly foretells the tragedy to come."

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invoking

Definition: Calling upon something—like an authority, feeling, or image—for support, inspiration, or emphasis

👉 "The speaker kept invoking the Constitution to support his argument."
👉 "The poem opened by invoking the spirit of the sea."

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oblique

Definition: Indirect or not stated clearly; can also mean slanted or angled

👉 "He gave an oblique answer that avoided the real issue."
👉 "The sunlight cast an oblique shadow across the wall."

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shrewdly

Definition: In a clever, sharp, and practical way—often showing good judgment

👉 "He shrewdly negotiated a better deal for the team."
👉 "She shrewdly avoided the trap by asking the right questions."

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sleight

Definition: Skill or dexterity, especially in using the hands or in deception.

👉 "The magician amazed the crowd with his sleight of hand."
👉 "With verbal sleight, the politician dodged the difficult question."

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dexterity

Definition: Skill and ease in using the hands or mind

👉 "Her dexterity with the violin was stunning to watch."
👉 "He solved the puzzle with mental dexterity and speed."

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tawdry

Definition: Cheap and showy in a way that lacks good taste or value

👉 "She wore a tawdry necklace that looked like plastic gold."
👉 "The tabloids were filled with tawdry gossip and scandals."

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anthology

Definition: A published collection of writings—such as poems, stories, or essays—by one or multiple authors

👉 "The literature class read an anthology of American short stories."
👉 "Her poems were featured in a new poetry anthology alongside other rising voices."

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myriad

Definition: A countless or extremely large number of things

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👉 "She faced a myriad of challenges during her first year in college."
👉 "The night sky was filled with a myriad of stars."

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Natch

Definition: Slang for “naturally” or “of course” — used in casual speech or writing

👉 "You’re bringing snacks to the party, natch."
👉 "He volunteered to lead, natch—he loves the spotlight."

✅ Note: Very informal; you’d see this in dialogue or playful writing, not formal essays.