11 BIO SAC 2 - exam content

binary fission

the method of cell replication used by prokaryotes

asexual reproducation

a method of reproduction that produces genetically identical cells without the fusion of gametes (sex cells)

plasmid

a small, circular loop of DNA that is seperate from a chromosome, typically found in bacteria

cytokinesis

the division of the cytoplasm and formation of 2 daughter cells

septum

a dividing wall formed during binary fission

cell replication

critical process for organisms to undergo to survive

purposes include: growth, development, maintenance, repair and reproduction

growth & development

for multicellular cells to grow & develop, its important cells replicate as to grow larger, the cells dont grow, but replicate for SA:V ratio

Maintenance and repair

cells are constantly dying as they age or become damaged. cell replication allows these cells to be replaced,

reproduction

cells replicate to reproduce. when they replicate they enlarge their population

exponential growth

after each round of replication, cells double

binary fission - prokaryotes

type of asexual reproduction

1. circular chromosome is uncurled & DNA is replicated. plasmids also replicate

2. cell elongates to prepare to seperate into 2 cells & the duplicated circular chromosomes migrate to opposite ends

3. cell begins cytokinesis. new cell wall beginds to appear

4. new cell wall and membrane is formed down equator of cell

5. 2 new gentically identical cells are formed

DESC - prokaryote replication

D - DNA replication

E - elongation

S - septum formation

C - cell division

intephase

cellular growth & duplication of chromosomes

cynthesizes necessary DNA