unit 6 💔

What are two things that led Britain to believe that they were in the right for colonialism?

social darwinism - the theory that one race is superior over another, and the belief that these civilizations were undeveloped and in need of help/saving

What led to the decline of the Mughal empire?

the fighting between the hindu’s and muslims

what is the seven years war?

a war between france and britain over land claims in north America, europe and india. resolved with the treaty of paris

what made european ethnocentricism extremely intriguing?

the means that they used to conquer and “help” cultures they thought were barbaric

what led to the sepoy rebellion?

the british east india company had started to eat away more at India, which concerned the sepoys, who were indian soldiers employed by the british. the sepoys had additionally realized that the catridges they used in their guns were greased with pork and beef fat, which went against both the hindu's and muslims religious beliefs.

why was queen victoria being represented as the head of india so important?

it signified the end of the mughal empire, as the british parliament took over the company and enforced strict british rule unto this colony

what might be a representation of social darwinism?

Raw materials flowed to Britain; finished products flowed back to India - assumption that Britain is helping India by giving them products but in reality they aren’t helping

How did India change?

christianity spread, indians in the upper ranks were supposed to learn english, indian beliefs were diminished to nothing, and those who were in the higher ranks ofc dreamed of a free india

what was the trading port that china allowed british to use?

the city of canton

How did the Opium wars affect china?

there were two, the first opium war happened because the manchu leader of china banned it because of how it was affecting china; this defeat led to the forceful signing of the treaty of nanjing, which established that the british were allowed to trade in more places in china. they also took hong kong. the chinese, angry, tried again to fight against the british, but that defeat again resulted in the opening of ports all around china, as well as christian missionaries everywhere

what are the white lotus rebellions?

rebellions by buddhists who were angry about the corrupt government in china

what was the taiping rebellion and what did it prove about china?

it was a rebellion who were against the manchu government and tried to defeat it. it didn’t work, but it proved that the stability in china was slowly deteriorating

what events led to the defeat of the manchu regime?

korea declared its independance as they realized china was weak, in the Sino-French War, china lost control of vietnam to the french, japan and china went to war and china lost, china was forced to open trading posts for japan, and japan also defeated the koreans and took over the entire peninsula

What was the boxer protocal?

in response to the manchu gov and the europeans, rebels names boxers staged uprisings that led to foreign intervention, making china sign the boxer protocal and feeling more humiliated

how were efforts to drive out intervention in china and india contrasted?

since India was changed to be an actual colony, the Indians targeted their rebellion at the british. but since China and japan were spheres of influence, meaning that both countries were influenced in some way by britain but only for trade, the rebellions were directed towards their government

who established the chinese republic?

sun yat-sen

How did matthew perry’s voyage affect Japan?

his voyage was on a steamboat, something the japanese had never seen before. they realized that they were behind in industrialization. additionally, treaties like the treaty of kanagawa forced japan to favor the west. however, through revolts of the samurai, they were able to get rid of the emperor that accepted these treaties and get emperor meji in charge

How did Japan become an imperial power?

through the meji restoration it introduced fast industrialization to kick out western powers, increasing cultural connectivity and getting rid of the samurai class

how did the Boer war happen?

the boers (south african dutch) migrated to the Transvaal after being kicked out of Cape town by the british, and found gold and diamonds there. but then the british found that and the boer wars commenced. the boers lost :(

Who was Muhammad Ali?

He was the new viceroy of Egypt after he toppled the british and french forces out of the country.

Why was the Suez Canal ultimately what led to Egypt being a British colony?

Since the Suez canal was near egypt and perfect for travel to asia, Britain wanted it. as egypts finances started to topple, they sold their canal bit by bit to britain before britain took ahold of it and egypt

How did the berlin conference ruin africa?

the conference forced boundary lines on african territory, forcing some groups to be separated or come hand in hand, adding to political instability within africa. this made them easy to conquer

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

created by president monroe in 1823, it addressed that the western hemisphere was off limits for colonization

what was the roosevelt collary of the monroe dcotrine and why did it anger some LA nations?

it added that US intervention would happen if any power tried to attack a western hemisphere state. some LA nations thought that was basically imperialism towards LA nations. this was somewhat seen as true as the Panama canal was built, which was made after US told Panama to break away from columbia

what was the spanish american war?

spain still had land possessions of Cuba and puerto rico, which the americans fought the spanish for, winning and taking guam, the philippines and cuba. then cuba was set free after giving concessions to america