History AQA- Elizabethan England

In what year did Elizabeth become queen?

1558

What date was Elizabeth born?

7th September 1533

When did Elizabeth die?

1603

Robert Dudley

Made Earl of Leicester in 1564

potential suitor

childhood friend of Elizabeth

Christopher Hatton

Made Lord Chancellor in 1587

How many times did Elizabeth call on Parliament?

13 times during 44 year reign

Between what years was Drake's circumnavigation?

1577 and 1580

What was the most significant reason Drake hated the Spanish?

The attack on his cousin's fleet in San Juan de Ulúa in 1568

Who was the Golden Hind named for?

Christopher Hatton - it was his family's crest

What was the passage Drake hope to find?

Strait of Anian - link the Pacific and Atlantic

What date was the Essex Rebellion?

Early 1601

Who did the Earl of Essex marry to anger Elizabeth and when?

Frances Burke, 1590

What and when was the Earl of Essex given a monopoly?

Sweet wine, 1588

What happened between the Queen and Essex to fall out the first time?

Elizabeth refused to promote one of his supporters and he insulted her, turned his back in anger and drew his sword on her

When was Essex sent to Ireland to defeat the rebellion?

1598

Who did Essex have tensions with?

Robert Cecil, Secretary of State

What did Elizabeth do while Essex was in Ireland?

Promoted Robert Cecil

What did Essex do when he heard about Cecil's promotion?

Stormed to explain his actions into Elizabeth's bedchamber and caught her without her wig on

How many supporters did Essex rally?

300

When was Essex made a of a Privy Counsellor?

1595

When did Elizabeth take away Essex's sweet wine monopoly?

November 1600

On what date was Essex executed?

25th February 1601

Why did Elizabeth notoriously lose her temper with Parliament?

For raising the issue of her marriage

What year did Elizabeth notably lose her temper with Parliament?

1566

What caused Parliament to become more concerned that Elizabeth had no heirs?

She almost died in in October 1562 and almost died

Phillip II of Spain

Ordered the Spanish armada

Married to Elizabeth's late sister Mary I

potential suitor

one of the wealthiest and most powerful. men in the world

Francis, Duke of Anjou and Alencon

Catholic

Heir to the French throne-in the event of Elizabeth's death England would fall into rule by the french

Elizabeth was 46 and beyond having children

What happened to members of parliament that rallied for free speech?

Peter Wentworth, was arrested three times

When was the poor law passed?

1601

How did parliament see Mary, Queen of Scots?

As a Threat due to her Catholic faith

How many spectators could the Globe hold?

3,000

When was the Globe built?

1599

What was the new navigation technology called?

The Astrolabe and the magnetic compass

What discoveries did Drake make on his voyage?

Drake's passageway, New Albion

famous poet and playwright during the Elizabeth's rein

William Shakespeare

Elizabethan View on education

Increasingly important

only for the rich

How did the reformation effect the poor?

closed the monasteries, removed aid/charity

What dates did England experience bad harvests?

1594 and 1598 -lead to inflation of prices

What was enclosure?

The fencing off of common land for sheep grazing rather than using it for crops

Why was enclosure a problem?

Less work intensive, people lost their jobs and homes

What was London's population in 1500?

60,000

What was London's population in 1600

200,000

How much did population rise during Elizabeth's rein?

2.8 million to 4 million

Who were the undeserving poor?

untrustworthy beggars and vagabonds

Who were the deserving poor?

elderly and disabled people or people who couldn't find work but wanted to

Who was someone who pretended to have a fit for sympathy and money?

A Counterfeit crank

From what year were beggars whipped?

1531

When was the 'act for setting the poor on work' put in place?

1576

What did the 'act for setting the poor on work' change?

made finding work for the poor the local authorities' responsibility

What did London do to deal with the poor?

Bridewell palace was used as a homeless shelter

What did Ipswich do to deal with the poor?

First to build a house of correction (a prison for those who refused to work)

What did Norwich do to deal with the poor?

Taxed it's rich, gave 'idle poor' work like knitting or sewing, gave 'unfortunate poor' forms of care/support

What did the 1601 poor law change?

Dealt with poverty on a national scale, national taxation

Where did ticket prices start for the theatre in Elizabethan time?

1 penny (affordable for most people)

What was Elizabeth's theatre company called?

The Queen's Men

When did Raleigh send the first settlers to Roanoke?

1585

When was Raleigh's second attempt to colonise Roanoke?

1587

When did Raleigh find the colony missing?

1590

What was Elizabeth's religious settlement called?

'the middle way'

What act gave Elizabeth control over the church?

the act of supremacy

What act made protestant reforms to the church?

the act of uniformity

The were 'the act of uniformity' and 'the act of supremacy' formed?

1559

What reforms were made by 'the act of uniformity'?

Going to church became compulsory - fines were issued for failure to attend

Book of Common Prayer was issued- had to be used in church

All churches had to have a copy of the bible in English

What concessions did 'the act of uniformity' allow catholics?

Priests wore traditional vestments and churches were allowed to keep their decoration

wording of the communion service was vague- to be accepted by both protestants and catholics

What did the 'Act of Supremacy' do?

Named Elizabeth 'the supreme governor' of the English church

Date of Northern Rebellion

November 1569

What was the plan of the Northern Rebellion?

Norfolk would marry Mary and become the Queen's heir

What was Elizabeth's response to the Northern Rebellion?

Executed Northumberland and 400 rebel soldiers

What year was Elizabeth excommunicated by the pope?

1570

Year of the Ridolfi Plot

1571

Year of The Throckmorton Plot

1583

Year of the Babington Plot

1586

When was Mary found guilty of treason?

October 1586

What date was Mary executed?

8th February 1587

Edmund Grindall

In 1576 Elizabeth ordered him to put a stop to 'prophesyings' he refused and placed under house arrest

died in 1583

What were prophesyings?

a training to teach priests how to preach in a protestant/puritan way

How many puritan priests were suspended for not accepting the regulations of the church England?

200-300 priests

When were separatist leaders arrested?

1590

What was Drake known to the Spanish as?

El Draque (the dragon)

Trigger of the Spanish Armada

The Treaty of Nonsuch signed in 1585 promising military assistance to protestant Netherlands who were occupied by Spain

Date of the raid on Cadiz

April 1587

How many ships were destroyed during the raid on Cadiz

30 ships

How many ships were in the Spanish Armada?

130 ships

How many sailors and soldiers made up the Spanish Armada?

8,000 sailors and 18,000 soldiers

Duke of Medina Sidonia

Leader of Spanish Armada (had little military/naval experience)

Duke of Parma

In charge of thousands of other soldiers that the Armada was to meet in modern day France

When did the Armada set sail?

28th May 1588, from Lisbon

What delayed the Spanish fleet's arrival?

bad weather

When was the fleet first spotted by England?

July 1588 in Cornwall

What formation did the Armada adopt in the channel?

Defensive cresent formation

How many fireships were sent into the Spanish fleet?

eight fireships

Why were the Spanish anchored at Calais?

They were waiting for the Duke of Parma's men who were waiting further in land to arrive

Why did bad weather cause the Spanish to lose the battle of Graveline?

Prevented them returning to their defensive cresent formation

English Naval strengths against the Spanish Armada

More manoeuvrable ships than the Spanish

cannons more easily reloaded

Spanish weaknesses during the Armada

lack of communication between the Duke of Medina Sidonia and the Duke of Parma

more soldiers than sailors - for land battle not sea

How much money was raided from spanish ships by Drake on his circumnavigation?

£400,000

When did Elizabeth raise taxes for Catholics missing church?

1581

the ship drake raided during his circumnavigation

Nuestra Señora de la Concepción, Drake found 36 kilograms (80 lb) of gold, a golden crucifix, jewels, 13 chests of silver reals and 26,000 kilograms (26 long tons)