chapter 9 - micronutrients and hydration

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20 Terms

1
metabolism
all of the chemical reaction that occur in the body to maintain itself
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2
what do micronutrients include
vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients
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3
what are phytonutrients
plant-based nutrients
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4
why are micronutrients not considered an energy source
they do not provide any calories
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5
what are the two groups of vitamins
fat soluble and water soluble
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6
what are the fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E and K
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7
what are the water soluble vitamins
C and B
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8
fat soluble vitamins
require fat for digestion and absorption; they travel through the lymphastic system and circulate with other fat-soluble nutrients to the liver where they are repackaged with lipoproteins and redistributed to other organs and tissues
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9
where are fat-soluble vitamins stored
liver and adipose tissue
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10
what are the functions of water in the body
regulation of body temp

transport and distribution of water-soluble nutrients

maintenance of blood vol

lubrication of joints, membranes, and synovial tissue

shock absorption

removal of waste matter and toxins
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11
what effects can dehydration have on the body
increased HR

higher body temp

higher rate of perceived exertion

inc use of muscle glycogen

lower blood vol

dec CO

dec blood flow

lower rate of perspiration
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12
heat exhaustion
a condition that occurs when the body becomes overheated. it can occur from dehydration in a hot climate.
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13
what are symptoms of heat exhaustion
heavy sweating, rapid pulse, low BP, nausea, dizziness, muscle cramps
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14
heatstroke
a condition that can develop if heat exhaustion is not treated quickly.
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15
what are heatstroke symptoms
HA, fever, confusion and disorientation, and flushed skin. medical emergency
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16
electrolytes
minerals that have an electrical charge to help transmit nerve impulses throughout the body such as sodium, potassium and chloride
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17
hypotonic
a solution with a lower solute load/concentration than body fluids
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18
isotonic
a solution with a similar solute load/concentration as body fluids
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19
hypertonic
a solution with a higher solute load/concentration than body fluids
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20
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