Computer and Information Technology單詞卡 | Quizlet

access

a means to obtain entry or a means of approach

account

a record summarizing all the information pertaining to a single item in the accounting equation

algorithm

A methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem.

applet

a program that runs within another application such as a website

artificial intelligence

a subdiscipline of computer science that attempts to simulate human thinking

ASP

Application Service Provider

authentication

A method for confirming users' identities

Bandwidth

The maximum amount of data transmitted over an internet connection in a given amount of time

binary

The binary number system is base 2, using only bits 0 and 1.

bit

binary digit

boot

to start up a computer

browser

A program that accesses and displays files and other data available on the Internet and other networks.

byte

8 bits

cache memory

A type of memory used to temporarily store frequently used data or programs for quick access; similar to RAM but faster.

CG

computer graphics

CGI

Common Gateway Interface

cognitive science

field of study that examines how humans and other animals acquire, process, store, and retrieve information

command

An instruction for the computer. Many commands put together make up algorithms and computer programs.

configuration

an arrangement of parts or elements in a particular form, figure, or combination

cookie

a short line of text that a web site puts on your computer's hard drive when you access the web site

CPU

Central Processing Unit

cursor

A representation on the screen of the mouse pointer location.

cybernetics

the study of information processing, feedback, and control in communication systems

delete

to erase, wipe out, cut out

directory

listing individuals or organizations alphabetically or thematically with details such as names, addresses, and phone numbers

display

domain name

The portion of a web site address that identifies the type of site it is (.gov, .edu, .com).

dragging

A way of moving objects by pointing to them, holding down the mouse button, moving the mouse pointer to the desired location, and releasing the button.

drive

propel or carry along by force in a specified direction

encode

the phrase used to describe the method of preparing data for storage or transmission.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

feed

put into a machine.

file

A collection of information saved as a unit.

file compression

A process that reduces a file's size for storage or transmission purposes.

firewall

a part of a computer system or network that is designed to block unauthorized access while permitting outward communication.

floppy disk

A reusable magnetic storage medium that uses a thin Mylar circular disk as the storage surface.

folder

a collection of files

function key

A button on a computer keyboard, distinct from the main alphanumeric keys, to which software can assign a particular function.

fuzzy logic

Fuzzy logic is an approach to variable processing that allows for multiple possible truth values to be processed through the same variable

GIF

Graphics Interchange Format

hacker

a person who uses computers to gain unauthorized access to data.

hard disk

A data storage unit inside a computer that can store a large quantity of data (60GB or more)

hardware

the physical parts of a computer

heuristic

a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language

incompatible

unable to work together

infiltration

Flow of water from the land surface into the subsurface.

information retrieval

recovering information from storage in memory

insert

to put in

interactive

involving people playing among themselves; an exchange of activity or information between people or people and a computer

ISDN

Integrated Services Digital Network

Java

A high-level programming language used to create applications for Web sites.

keyboard

An input device that enters data with letters, numbers, symbols, and special function keys.

log off

To disconnect from a computer, network or online service.

log on

To access a computer or network as a user.

login

A process by which you gain access to a computer by giving it your username and password.

modem

Communications hardware device that facilitates the transmission of data.

mouse

a hand-operated electronic device that controls the coordinates of a cursor on your computer screen as you move it around on a pad

NIC

Network Information Center

offline

not connected to the Internet

online

connected to the internet

operating system

the software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals.

password

A word or phrase that you must type for access to an encrypted file

process

an instance of a program being executed in a multitasking operating system, typically running in an environment that protects it from other processes

protocol

a set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

resolution

the detail an image holds

retrieval

the process of getting information out of memory storage

retrieve

to find and bring back, get back; to put right, make good

save

A button in the Quick Access Toolbar that saves an existing document.

server

a computer or computer program that manages access to a centralized resource or service in a network.

site

a website

slot

a narrow opening

software

the programs and other operating information used by a computer.

software virus

a computer program designed to negatively impact a computer system by infecting other files

sophisticated

complex or intricate

store

to reserve

streaming

A method of sending audio and video files over the Internet

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

the assemble line

Production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks

the Internet

A global network connecting millions of computers, making it possible to exchange information.

undo

A command that allows users to cancel or undo their last command or action.

unzip

decompressing a zipped file

upgrade

to move up a step or level; to improve in quality

URL

Uniform Resource Locator

world wide web

A system for finding information on the Internet through the use of linked documents.