Modern Gravity

Gravity is a long-range (field) attractive force between ALL objects with _____

mass

Isaac Newton discovered that the strength of the gravitational force decreases by ______ of the distance between two objects and is directly proportional to _______ of the objects in question

the square, the mass

In addition to objects with mass, gravity also attracts all objects with _______, this can include light and other massless (but energetic) particles.

energy

Empty space is not nothing. It can ____, it can _____, and it can ______

bend, twist, ripple

Nearly everything is made up primarily of empty space. If you removed all of the space from something the size of the Empire State Building, you'd be left with something the size of ________

a grain of rice

Newton's space was passive. Absolute, eternal, and _________

unchanging

Newton's unchanging space allowed him to understand almost all ______ we can see around us

Einstein was captivated by the study of light. Using measurements of the speed of light and figuring out that it was a sort of cosmic speed constant, Einstein unified space and _____

time

Space time acts like a fabric which is bent by objects of mass. Bends in space/time are the force of ________

gravity

When something falls into a black hole, it is essentially _________ from our universe

erased

A black hole is a point of infinite _______. It is not a two dimensional circle or hole, instead it is a _________

sphere

In theory, the fabric of space time could be warped so much that a large enough mass actually creates a ________ in it. Once something fell in, it could not ________

hole/rip, escape

The 'point of no return' on a Black Hole, is actually called the _______________

event horizon

At the center of a black hole all ____________ break down, making it one of the great mysteries of modern physics

mathematics

Early actual evidence that led scientists to conclude that black holes do indeed exists included stars ________ invisible objects much faster than expected

orbitting

Some black holes are formed after the _______ of enormous stars

death

Large stars explode and become ____________ upon their star death. Some of these can collapse into _______ stars which have an enormous density

supernovas, neutron

There are likely _________ of black holes in our galaxy

billions

The _______ force is the difference between gravity at you head and gravity at your feet. If you fell into a small, non-rotating black hole, it would cause you to be ____________

spaghettified

What kind of waves can black holes release?

gravitational waves

Who first made the connection between gravity and black holes during WWI?

Carl Schwarzschild

What changes as you approach a black hole?

time

Who did Kip Thorne (helped make Interstellar) bet about Cygnus X-1 being a black hole with?

Steven Hawking

What is the name for star like objects that are moving away from us at enormous speeds?

quasars

Where are supermassive black holes located?

centers of galaxies

What is the fiery ring of gas and dust around a black hole called?

accretion disk

What is the name of the experiment that discovered G waves?

ligo experiment