knee flexion

patellofemoral joint

plane

concave: patellar surface of the femur

Convex: patella is convex

tibiofemoral joint

Hinge

flex/ext

convex: condyles of the femur

concave: condyles of tibia

when the knee extends, the patella glides…

superior

when the knee flexes, the patella glides…

inferior

flexion rom

135

extension rom

0

open chain

tibia to rotate laterally in non-weightbearing 

closed chain

femur rotates medially on tibia in WB’ing

meniscus

shock absorber

ACL

prevents hyperextension of knee

PCL

prevents hyperflexion of the knee

LCL

restricts ADDuction of tibia on femur

MCL

restricts excessive ABDuction of tibia on femur, directly attaches to medial meniscus

extracapsular ligaments of the knee

oblique popliteal, arcuate popliteal, patellar lig, coronary ligament

terrible triad

ACL, MCL, medial meniscus

Lateral superior border of popliteal space

biceps femoris

lateral inferior border of popliteal space

lateral head of gastroc

medial superior border of popliteal space

semimembranosus and semitendinosus

medial inferior border of popliteal space

medial head of gastroc

superior anterior tibiofibular joint

plane joint

superior posterior tibiofibular joint

plane

inferior superior and posterior tibiofibular joints

syndesmosis

knee extension PM

quads

knee flexion PM

hamstrings

Q- rectus femoris OIAN

O: AIIS

I: tibial tuberosity

A: knee extension, hip flexion

N: femoral

Q- vastus lateralis OIAN

O: posterior/lateral femur

I: tibial tuberosity

A: knee extension

N: femoral

Q- Vastus medialis OIAN

O: posterior/medial femur

I: tibial tuberosity

A: knee extension

N: femoral

Q- Vastus intermedialis OIAN

O: anterior femur

I: tibial tuberosity

A: knee extension

N: femoral

H- Semitendinosis OIAN

O: ischial tuberosity

I: pes anserine

A: knee flexion, hip extension

N: tibial

H- Semimembranosus OIAN

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial tibial condyle

A: knee flexion, hip extension

N: tibial

H- biceps femoris long head OIAN

O: ischial tuberosity

I: head of fibula

A: knee flexion, hip extension

N: tibial

H- Biceps femoris short head

O: linea aspera

I: head of fibular

A: knee flexion

N: common fibular (peroneal)