Cytology: Chapter 8

What is the cell theory

all cells came from pre existing cells

What happens when a cell gets too large

bursts

Why is there a limit to how big cells can get?

surface area to volume ratio maintain

What nutrients go into a cell?

oxygen, glucose, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, minerals, and wtaer

WHat waster come out of cell?

carbon dioxide, ammonia and urea, uric acid, and water

What is the surface area of a cell?

4pier2

What is volume of cell?

4/3 pie r cubed

What are prokaryotic cells

basic cells no organells

eukaryotic cells?

complex and true cells

What does karyo mean?

nucleus

What are bacterial cell walls made up of?

polysaccharide

What is the cytoplasm made up of?

water and protein

What shape is chromosome inside bacterial cells?

cicrular

WHa is cell membrane?

made of phospholipid bilayer and controls what goes in and out of cell

What does semi-permeable mean?

allows certain things in and out for cell

What is the bilayer made up of?

protiens

What do all living cells need to be surrounded by?

fluid

What are embedded in the cell membrane

proteins

What are enzymes

spped up chem reactions

What are ions channels?

transfer in and out things

What are transporter proteins?

active transport need atp

What are receptor site protiens?

target for medications, hormones, neurotransmitters

What are recognition site proteins?

white blood cells, transplanting

What are immunosuppressant drugs?

they suppress

What are autoimmune diseases?

type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid, arthritis, multiple sclerosis

What is diffusion?

transfer of material from one place or another

What are 4 factors that affect rate of diffusion?

1) difference in concentration, 2) size of molecule/ substance, 3) lipid soluble vs water soluble, 4) temp