Lecture Review on Middle Eastern Politics and History

Vocabulary flashcards based on key concepts in Middle Eastern politics and history.

Neo Patriarchal State

A state where traditional patriarchal values coexist with modern political systems, especially in the Middle East, often restricting women's rights.

Resource Rich Labor Poor Countries

Countries with abundant natural resources but lacking a large, skilled workforce, leading to dependency on foreign labor.

Islamic Salvation Front (Algeria)

An Islamist political party in Algeria that gained popularity in the 1990s, prompting civil conflict after being barred from power.

Oil and the Resource Curse

The paradox of resource-rich countries experiencing less economic growth and more corruption, often due to their reliance on oil.

Intifada

An Arabic term meaning 'uprising,' used to describe Palestinian rebellions against Israeli occupation, with two major events historically.

Zionism

The nationalist movement advocating for the establishment of a Jewish homeland, culminating in the creation of Israel in 1948.

Jurist Guardianship

The concept where Islamic jurists hold political authority, justifying clerical rule in Iran's theocracy.

1967 Six Day War

A conflict in which Israel launched pre-emptive strikes, capturing significant territories and altering the Middle Eastern geopolitical landscape.

Hamas (Palestine)

An Islamist militant group and political party founded in 1987 that opposes Israel and governs Gaza.

Gamal Abdul Nasser

President of Egypt known for his role in Arab nationalism and his policies of socialism and anti-imperialism.

Camp David Peace Accords

A 1978 agreement brokered by the U.S. for peace between Egypt and Israel, resulting in the return of the Sinai Peninsula.

Gulf Cooperation Council

An alliance formed in 1981 among six Gulf countries to promote stability and counter Iran's influence.

Arab Spring

A series of uprisings across the Arab world starting in 2010, leading to regime changes and conflicts.

Algerian War of Independence

A conflict from 1954 to 1962 between Algerian nationalists and France, marked by guerrilla warfare and significant casualties.

Failed States

Countries that have lost control over parts of their territory, often leading to lawlessness and humanitarian crises.

Lebanese Civil War of the 1970s

A brutal conflict involving various factions and foreign interventions that had devastating impacts on Lebanon.

Sykes-Picot Agreement, 1916

A secret agreement between Britain and France to divide the Ottoman Empire's Arab territories after World War I.

Ayatollah Khomeini

The leader of Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution, establishing the Islamic Republic of Iran and shaping its political structure.

Gulf War, 1990-1991

A conflict initiated by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, leading to a U.S.-led coalition military response.

Hizbullah (Lebanon)

A Shi’a militant group formed with Iranian support, now a significant political force in Lebanon.

Hasan al-Banna

The founder of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, aspiring to merge Islamic principles with modern governance.

Sayyid Qutb

An influential Islamist thinker whose writings inspired radical ideologies and called for Islamic revolution.