5A - Atkinson-Shiffrin Model of Memory

Memory

active processing system that encodes, stores and recovers info when required

Memory is ___ an exact replica of what happened

never

Encoding as a memory process

process of converting info from our short-term memory into a form our brains can store

Storage as a memory process

process of retaining info in our long-term memory for future use

Retrieval as a memory process

process of accessing previously stored info from our long-term memory

Order of formation of new memories according to the Atkinson-Shiffrin multi store model of memory

Sensory Memory, short-term memory, long term memory

Sensory memory

is the entry point for memory, an exact replica of the real world

Duration of sensory memory is

0.2-4 seconds

Sensory memory can be divided into

Iconic and Echoic memory

Iconic memory durations

0.2-0.4 seconds

Iconic memory is aka

Visual memory

Echoic memory is aka

Auditory memory

Echoic memory duration

3-4 seconds

Iconic and Echoic memory both has _____ capacity

unlimited

Eidetic memory is aka

photographic memory

Short-term memory

a store of memory that temporarily stores a limited amount of info that is consciously manipulated

Short term memory duration

18-30seconds but can be increased by repeated exposure to info

Short-term memory capacity

5-9 items but can be increased using a technique called chunking(grouping info)

Long-term memory

relatively permanent memory store where info is stored and can be retrieved for future use

Long term memory duration

relatively permanent duration

Long term memory capacity

potentially unlimited

Explicit memory

a type of long-term memory that is formed and retrieved intentionally and with conscious effort

Implicit memory

a type of long term memory that is formed and retrieved without conscious effort

Types of explicit memory

• Declarative memory: knowing that

• Semantic memory: academic knowledge/facts

• Episodic memory: Autobiographical events/personal

Types of implicit memory

• Procedural memory: knowing how —> associated with the cerebellum