Honors Human Anatomy and Physiology - Finals Practice

What are the anatomical regions of the head and neck?

Frontal, Otic, Mental, Cervical

What is the term for 'toward midline'?

Medial

What type of tissue is responsible for support and binding?

Connective tissue

What is the primary function of muscle tissue?

Movement

What are the characteristics of simple squamous epithelium?

Thin, flat; involved in diffusion and filtration.

Which connective tissue variety provides flexible support?

Hyaline cartilage

What is the function of keratinocytes in the epidermis?

Produce keratin for protection.

What are the two layers of the dermis?

Papillary layer and Reticular layer.

What gland produces thick sweat associated with odor during puberty?

Apocrine sweat glands

What are the five functions of skin?

Protection, temperature regulation, sensation, excretion, Vitamin D production.

What characterizes a 2nd degree burn?

Epidermis and dermis are affected, blisters form.

Which type of skin cancer is most deadly?

Melanoma

What is the purpose of the cardiovascular system?

Transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones; remove wastes.

What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

Allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle.

What are the two blood circuits in the cardiovascular system?

Pulmonary circuit and systemic circuit.

What happens during systole?

Ventricles contract.

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, hematopoiesis.

What type of bone is the femur classified as?

Long bone.

What is the outer covering of a long bone called?

Periosteum.

What is the functional unit of skeletal muscle?

Sarcomere.

What is the pathway of muscle contraction in the sliding filament model?

Nerve impulse -> Calcium released -> Myosin binds actin -> Power stroke -> Sarcomere shortens.

What is the primary function of adipose tissue?

Fat storage and insulation.

What do osteocytes refer to in compact bone?

Bone cells.

What type of connective tissue is dense connective tissue?

Includes tendons and ligaments.

What is the primary role of cardiac muscle?

Pumps blood.

What layer of the heart is responsible for protecting it?

Pericardium.

What effect does aging have on the skin?

Thinner skin, less collagen & elastin, wrinkles, slower healing.