Substitution reaction

what is ligand substition reaction

When at least one ligand replaces another

what does it mean the ligand substitution reaction is incomplete.

When not all ligands are replaced

what can change when the ligand substitution reaction

he coordination number could change, and the overall charge could change.

Bidentate ligands

Some ligands can form two dative covalent bonds with the same transition metal ion.

Complex ions with multidentate ligands can exhibit

optical isomerism

what is chelate effect.

In a reaction where monodentate ligands are replaced by multidentate ligands, the number of particles increases, and so entropy increases. Meanwhile, if the number of dative bonds stays the same, then enthalpy stays roughly the same. As a result of this, it is always feasible for a multidentate ligand to take the place of monodentate ligands.

what is EDTA

a ligand that can form 6 dative covalent bonds with a metal ion. As a result

use of EDTA

Due to Chelate effect , reacts quickly with any heavy metal like lead in body , this can be used to prevent poising

what is haem made out

4 bonds with a multidentate ligand , bonds to Fe 2+

how is oxyhaemoglobin made from haem

• 1 dative bond with a protein called globin (we call this combination “haemoglobin”)

• 1 unstable dative bond to form with O2​ (or alternatively H2O or CO2)

how does oxyhaemoglobin do its job

As blood circulates, oxygen, water and carbon dioxide substitute each-other as the body requires.

 

How does CO poison the oxyhaemoglobin

 CO (carbon monoxide) forms a stable dative covalent bond with haemoglobin. So, if haemoglobin gets a CO ligand, this permanently prevents it from functioning.