China study Guide #2

• Explain in detail the Great Leap forward and how it tied into the Great Chinese Famine.

It was modeled after the Soviets, Northeast China got most of the funding, An agrarian economy to an industrialized one, Ag collectivization, and they had claims of a food surplus when they didn’t have one. This led to famine among peasant farmers and those in power blamed it on bad weather. Also made farmers have blast furnaces in backyards to increase iron production.

• What were the Four Pests and what problems came from this program?

Flies, sparrows, rats, and mosquitos

• Explain in detail struggle sessions.

Struggle Sessions where violent public incidents of people being accused of being “class enemies”. This includes people being beaten and tortured because of them. They where held in Schools, Workplace, and Auditoriums. They put students against teachers, Children against parents, and Friends/spouses against friends/spouses. Their entire goal was to show support to Mao.

• What was the goal of the Cultural Revolution, and how were they going to achieve it?

Their goal was to preserve Chinese Communism. They achieved it by purging capitalists, and purging traditional Chinese culture. They removed bourgeois elements (Rich people) and made the Red Guard.

• Explain in detail the Red Guard.

The Red Guard where youth groups in china that where created to make sure that the younger generation was loyal to Mao to preserve Chinese Communism. They killed over 10,000 people and ended about being to radical so Mao broke them up.

• Identify the “Four Olds”

Old Culture, Old Habits, Old Ideas, Old Customs

• Identify the groups of the “Five Black Categories.”

Landlords, Rich Farmers, Counter-revolutionaries, Bad influencers, Right wingers

• Explain in detail the Hokuo system.

Its like the caste system in the fact that it is inherited. it made free movement impossible because it was viewed as dangerous. It lead to overpopulated cites and Lack of food production.The positives whre the lack of slums and lack of poor health conditions. It gave Urban people more merits with Education, more Employment, and Retirement benefits

• Explain Socialist Capitalism and how everything is specifically divided up

It borrowed from capitalistic ideas but still kept banks, materials, and land state controlled but allowed private owned finished goods, and services.

• Understand the Taiwan Crises.

It is fights between mainland China and Taiwan, No armistice or peace treaty has been signed after the third incident

• Explain the U.S. and the One China Policy.

U.S. will keep strategic “ambiguity” towards Taiwan, Both mainland China and Taiwan believe in there being one China, Taiwan is a part of China, Peaceful solution to Taiwan becoming part of China again, U.S. has relations with both sides, U.S. has no position on Taiwanese independence, U.S. does not “endorse” the PRC’s takeover of Taiwan, and U.S. sees Taiwan’s status as “undetermined”.

• Explain and understand the One Child Policy.

Forced control of population, no more than one child can be enforced by forced abortions, contraception (IUD), and forced Sterilizations. Financial penalties are Family planning fine, second child is no Hukou meaning you can’t travel and on the third child loss of your job. Girls weren’t wanted which caused a ratio of 15-1 among teens(male to female).

• Who once owned Hong Kong?

Britain

• Who once owned Macau?

Portugal

• What are the three main objectives of the WTO?

Raise living standards, create jobs, improve lives, set the world trade rules, also settle trade disputes and negotiates agreements

• The Dalai Lama is currently exiled to which country?

India

• Which two countries disagree with China on the Nine Dash Line?

Philippines and Vietnam

• What does China believe about the media in China?

Media must embody the Party’s will.”

• What is historical Nihilism?

to describe research, discussions, or viewpoints deemed to contradict an official state version of history in a manner perceived to question or challenge the legitimacy of the CCP In China.