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what does the sympathetic connections do?
increase heart rate
what does the parasympathetic connections do?
Decrease heart rate
what does Adrenal glands do?
increase Heart rate (HR)
what is used to detect electrical activity in the heart?
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
what does Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) do or how is it used?
Graphic record of heart activity (voltage changes)
Composite of all action potentials generated
what are the phases of an ECG?
P wave
QRS wave
T wave
what does the P wave mean?
Depolarization of SA node.
what does the QRS wave mean?
Ventricular depolarization
what does the T wave?
Ventricular repolarization
Why is atrial repolarization not seen?
this because atrial repolarization happens during QRS and is not seen.
what are some irregularity P QSR T wave from an ECG?
Arrhythmia
Cardiac Arrest (flatline)
Ventricular Fibrillation
(see lecture for associated images)
the heart makes sounds “Lub-dub, lub-dub” what does it mean
Associated with valves closing
the first sound “lub-dub” means what?
AV valves closing
the second sound “lub-dud” mean what?
SL valves closing
what is the name of an irregular heart sound?
Heart Murmur
what is a Heart Murmur?
Abnormal valves generate a swishing sound
what does Tachycardia mean
FAST heart rate
Caused by stress, or heart disease
what does bradycardia mean?
SLOW heart rate
Caused by parasympathetic nervous system, or endurance training
what is it called heart is inefficient?
Congestive Heart Failure
what causes congestive heart failure?
Coronary atherosclerosis
Multiple heart attacks
High blood pressure
