The Cardiovascular System:
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Last updated 11:36 AM on 3/14/25
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35 Terms
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Hemopoietic Growth Factors
Regulate differentiation and proliferation of blood cells.
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Erythropoietin (EPO)
A hormone produced by the kidneys that increases red blood cell precursors and stimulates red blood cell production.
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Thrombopoietin (TPO)
A hormone from the liver that stimulates platelet formation.
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Cytokines
Local hormones of bone marrow that stimulate white blood cell production.
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Leukopoietin
A cytokine that stimulates white blood cell production, derived from pluripotent stem cells.
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Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
Cells that contain hemoglobin, carry oxygen, and are red in color.
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Hemoglobin
A protein in red blood cells made up of four polypeptide chains that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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Oxyhemoglobin
The form of hemoglobin bound to oxygen, giving it a scarlet color.
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Erythropoiesis
The process by which red blood cells are produced.
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Biliverdin
A green pigment that is converted to bilirubin, a yellow pigment.
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Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)
Cells that are larger than erythrocytes, have a nucleus, and are involved in the immune response.
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Granulocytes
A category of leukocytes that contain cytoplasmic granules.
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Agranulocytes
A category of leukocytes that lack visible granules.
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Neutrophils
The most abundant type of white blood cells that act as phagocytes and are the first line of defense.
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Eosinophils
White blood cells that deal with parasitic infections and mediate allergic responses.
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Basophils
The least common type of leukocyte that plays a role in inflammation.
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Platelets (Thrombocytes)
Disc-shaped cell fragments with no nucleus, important for blood clotting.
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Hemostasis
The process of stopping bleeding by coagulation.
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Agglutinins
Substances, often antibodies, that cause clumping of particles such as cells.
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Agglutinogens
Proteins on foreign cells that trigger an immune response.
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Vitamin K
A vitamin needed for the synthesis of proteins required for blood clotting.
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Thrombus
A stationary blood clot, often leading to complications.
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Embolus
A floating blood clot that can obstruct blood vessels.
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Another name for neutrophil
Polymorphonuclear
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Erythrocytes/polycythemia
Overproduction of Red blood cells
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How can you determine different blood types (Transfusion)
Through antigens
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Hemoglobin
transports oxygen as oxyhemoglobin
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How can you take out blood?
From the vein. The vein is close to the surface
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Red Blood Cell lifespan
120 days
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Plasma
Liquid part of the blood
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Jaundice
to much of breakdown product
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Hematocrit
Percentage of RBC in the blood
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Albumen
Too little of breakdown product
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Leukocytosis
Too many White blood cells
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Leukopenia
Too little White Blood Cells
Flashcards (50)