US History Quiz: Progressive Era - The Great Depression

Muckrakers

Reformers that tried to expose the ills of society

What were the goals of the Muckrakers?

- Protect social welfare

- Promote moral improvement

- Create economic reform

- Foster efficiency

Effects of the Women's Suffrage Movement

The 19th Amendment is finally ratified in 1920 (72 years after the seneca falls convention)

Alice Paul + Lucy Burns (1917)

Took over NAWSA and used strategies such as picketing the white house + hunger strikes

Jane Addams (early 1900s)

pushed for women's right to vote; actively involved as muckrakers

Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Early leaders of the women's suffrage movement.

What is the Legacy of the Progressive Movement?

- Expanded voters' influence

- American Economy: Antitrust laws, Federal Reserve Board

- Progressive reformers passed on the idea of making change and calling for government action to do so

What did WWI mean within the Progressive Era?

It ended the progressive era

Manifest Destiny

The belief that the US should expand westward

Imperialism

The policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories.

What caused America to seek imperialism?

- European Imperialism: "The sun never sets on the British Empire"

- Asian Imperialism

- Economic Competition for the US market and goods

- Political and Military competition- US Navy

- American Superiority should be spread

Alfred T. Mahan

- Advocate of American military expansion

- The influence of Sea power upon history

- Preached his belief in a Strong US Navy

- Supported Imperialism

Results of American Imperialism

- Helped to make America a leading world power (which will influence the events of WWI)

- Helped America to take "Center Stage" on foreign affairs

- Helped to build an open door for new markets, trade, and protection of American investments around the world

Panama Canal

- Roosevelt wanted to link the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, cutting travel time for merchant ships and for US Navy ships.

Causes of US Entry into WWI

- Unrestricted German submarine Warfare

- Sinking of the Lusitania

- 128 Americans died on the ship which enraged America, leading to them wanting to join the war

Schenck v. United States (1919)

Put limitations on first Amendment rights as a result of the case

Great Migration

movement of African Americans in the twentieth century from the South to the North

The Roaring 20's

A period of change, lots of new entertainment like Jazz Age music, and new technologies.

Invention in 1920s

- Radio: Helped produce a standardized culture

- Motion picture: The Movie industry rose and became a new form of entertainment

- Jazz music

Women in the 1920s

- Fashion started to change

- Women gained more freedom politically and in the workplace

- Life at home changed ( they became freer and went to jazz clubs)

Flapper

young woman from the 1920s who defied traditional rules of conduct and dress

Harlem Renaissance

period during the 1920s in which African American novelists, poets, and artists celebrated their culture

Jazz Age

Music of the 1920's; played in clubs, Louis Armstrong is a key player of this time; the symbol of the Roaring 20s

Causes of the Great Depression

- Major causes of the Depression: outdated industries, farm struggles, easy credit, and unequal wealth distribution.

- Key industries (textile, steel, railroad, mining, lumber) were struggling; auto, construction, and consumer goods also declined in the late 1920s.

- Agriculture was hit hardest: food demand fell after WWI, farmers couldn't pay mortgages, and many lost their land.

- Farmers had little money, so they bought less, and overall spending dropped due to debt and low incomes.

- The stock market crash of 1929 didn't cause the Great Depression, but sped it up and made it worse.

- People rushed to withdraw money from banks, causing widespread bank failures.

- Bank closures led to lost savings; businesses shut down, and unemployment soared from 3% in 1929 to 25% in 1933.

-Those who kept their jobs often faced wage cuts or shorter hours.

Effects of the Great Depression

- The Depression left millions jobless, hungry, and homeless.

- African American and Hispanic groups faced higher unemployment, lower pay, and sometimes violence from angry whites.

- Falling food prices caused many farmers to lose their farms when they couldn't pay mortgages.

- Families struggled—many men felt ashamed or left home; women worked for less pay if jobs were available.

- Some believed men should be hired over women since they were seen as family providers.

- Children suffered from poor nutrition and lack of healthcare; many schools closed or shortened the year.

- Some children had to work to help support their families.

Dust Bowl

Drought followed by a series of dust storms that hit the American Midwest during the 1930s

Impact of the Dust Bowl

- Many lost their farms and became displaced

- Resulted in a group of migrant farmers called "Okies" moving to California in search of water

Okies

the general term used to describe Dust Bowl refugees