EXAM 2 HEALTH The Physical, Environmental, and Occupational Dimensions of Wellness

building a healthy lifestyle

Which statement best distinguishes hunger from appetite?

Hunger is physiological and appetite is psychological.

Nutrition is best defined as:

The science of how food affects body functions

The digestive process involves:

Breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, eliminating waste

The acronym RDA stands for:

Recommended Dietary Allowance

A kilocalorie is:

1,000 calories

Nutrients are:

Substances in food that sustain growth, repair, and normal functioning

Groundwater in the context of environmental wellness refers to:

Water beneath Earth’s surface used for drinking, irrigation, ecosystems

A method of air pollution includes:

Emissions from vehicles and factories

The initiative Healthy People is:

A national public health initiative to improve health across populations

Why is an adequate amount of carbohydrates good?

They act as primary energy source especially for brain and muscles

Why is environmental Wellness import?

Our impact on the environment impacts us. Also quality of life, life expectancy, and health disparities.

The “F” in the FITT principle stands for:

Frequency (how often you exercise)

Endurance

Ability to exert force repeatedly without fatigue or sustain a contraction for a period of time.

Antioxidants

Substances that appear to protect the body from free radicals which can contribute to cancer.

what are minerals?

Inorganic elements that aid in physiology processes with in the body

Minerals help? 

absorption of vitamins 

What are the 2 types of minerals?

Major- Sodium, Calcium, phosphorus, ect.

Trance- Iron, Zinc, Manganese, ect.

what are vitamins?

Organic compounds that promotes metabolism and absorption

Metabolism is?

Process that can produce, maintain, or break down a substance and make energy available.

Absorption is?

Help organisms bosy absorb nutrients necessary to function.

what are the 2 types of vitamins?

Fat and Water soluble

what are fat soluble?

A,D,E,K 

what are water soluble

B-complex and Vitamin C

Unsaturated fat is?

fats that generally come from plants and are usually liquid at room temp.

Is unsaturated Fat good or bad?

Good fats

What is PUFAs?

Polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Example of PUFAs? 

corn, sunflower, and safflower 

Saturated and Trans-Fatty acids are good or bad fats?

Bad fats, these fats remain solid at a room temp and mostly from animal products.

What can Saturated and trans fatty acid do?

raise cholesterol levels, gain weight, contribute to risk of certain cancer like colon cancer.

Define Trans-fatty acids:

found in foods that use partially hydrogen oils to increase shelf life of food.

HDL is:

High Density Lipoprotein’s

LDL is?

Low Density Lipoproteins 

Lipoproteins are:

Particles that transport cholesterol

Define Protein:

molecules made up of chains of amino acids.

Amino Acids are:

essential components of all our body’s cells

Antibodies protection us from:

Diseases 

Enzymes do what for our body?

Control chemical activities in the body

Why do we need protein?

Develop and repair bone, muscle, skin, blood cells.

Protein has how many calories per gram? 

4 per gram 

The building blocks of proteins are made up of:

Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.

there are 20 different amino acids but…

there are 9 essential ones

Animal Products=

Complete proteins 

Plant Sources=

Incomplete

Legumes are:

Beans, lentils, peas, peanuts and soy

Grains are:

wheat, corn, rice and oats 

Certain Vegetables are:

Leafy greens and broccoli

Carbohydrates is:

Primary source of energy for normal body functioning 

What does carbohydrates do?

Brakes down quickly and efficiently into GLUCOSE which is used for activity including exercise.

How many calories does Carbohydrates have?

4 per gram

How is glucose used? 

it used by all cells for fuel including the brain 

Simple Carbohydrate

Categorized into 2 types of sugar AKA saccharides

What is Monosaccharides?

glucose and fructose

what are Disaccharides? 

Combination of 2 monosaccharides 

Sucrose:

Table sugar

Lactose:

milk sugar

Insoluble:

Cannot dissolve in water and found mostly in vegetables

Soluble:

Dissolves in water creating a gel-like substance

What dose fiber do?

Moves through the intestines and is easily digested by bacteria in the gut. 

there is bacteria in the gut, why?

protective, metabolic, and Nutritional functioning.

what are the 3 types of Complex Carbohydrates?

starches, Glycogen, and fiber

Fiber:

Indigestible portion of plant foods 

Glycogen:

excess glucose from starches that are stored mostly in our liver and some in our muscles.

Starches:

storage form of glucose in plants.

Complex Carbohydrates are categorized as:

Polysaccharides