INSULINE

huh ? what is it

peptide hormone made by beta cells in pancreas - reduce blood sugar

Carb metabolism

increase uptake of glucose in to muscles by GLUT4

increase glucose synthesis and reduce hepatic gluconeogenesis and reduce glycogenolysis

Types of insuline

Rapid , short acting and intermediate

Names of insuline med

DETEMIR , ASPART , LISPO

Diabetes melitus complications

Acute and chronic

Acute DM complication

Hypoglycemia , Ketoacidosis,Hyperglycemia

Chronic Diabetes melitus complications

Hyperglycemia disrupts vessesls in eye —- vision loss partially ) , retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, macrongiopathy, diabetic foot ,

Diabetic diete

Carbs high in fiber with low glycemic index

non obese ppl can have some sweets

high antioxidants in diete , lots vitamines nad mienrals

hydration

Diabetic food

High in energy and fat and kcal

Monitoring markers

gllycourea 0

Fasting sugar 4.4-6.7

after food sgar 4.6-8.0

Sekf monitoring

Bp

weight control

blood glucose measurement

urine testing

ketoacidosis

ketone bodies are produced during a low insuline state - overall leads to anaerobic glycolysis creation of lactate - insted 1 mol glucose to 32 ATP now 2 ATP per one —- its insufficient