Oral Health Assessment, instrumentation, home car

What are the most commonly used instruments?

Periodontal probe

Explorer

Scaler

Curette

What does the periodontal probe do?

Measure periodontal pockets in mm

How large is each section on a UNC probe?

5mm

Learn how the williams probe is measured

Williams problem has 1,2,3, then 5mm measurements skipping 4mm

What are the 2 types of periodontal probe?

UNC probe or Williams

What is explorer?

Explore cariers, tooth resorption

Detect pulp exposure in complicated fractures

What are the types of explorers?

Shepherd’s hook and pigtail

How do you know if there is pulp exposure in a fracture?

If the explorer sticks

What do scalers do?

Remove calculus and plauqe on the crown

How is the scaler shaped?

Sharp point with 3 sides

What can damage soft tissue?

Scaler

What is the curette?

Calculus removal supra and subginigivally

What are the shapes of the curette?

Two sharp sides and a rounded tow

What are the types of curette?

Universal and gracey

What is different between the Gracey and Universal currete?

The gracey only has one cutting edge, curved in two planes, offset blade

What should be used to remove calculus from gingival pocket?

Curette

How do you clean dental instruments?

Rinse off then use ultrasonic cleaner

How do you sterilize dental instruments?

Reduce risk of transmission

Why do you inspect instruments?

To check for bending or broken instruments

T/F you should have multiple packs?

True

How do you test a sharp instrument?

With a test acrylic stick. Dull blades glide across and sharp blades catch

How can you tell if an instrument is sharp?

Sharp instruments do not reflect light

What is a conical stone used for?

Remove burs

What is an india stone used for?

Coarse sharpeneing

What stones are used for fine sharpeneing?

Arkansas and ceramic

What stones need oil?

India and arkansas

What stone needs water?

Ceramic stone

What are the two methods of sharpening instruments?

Hold instrument still and move stone

OR hold stone still and move instrument

What are the types of power scalers?

Sonic

Ultrasonic

Describe sonic scalers

Driven by compressed air, no cavitation

Describe ultrasonic power scalers

Converts energy to sound waves

What type of power scaler is used now?

Ultrasonic

How does a magnetostrictive ultrasonic scaler work?

Ferroceramic rod creates a magnetic field

How does a piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler work?

Crystals generate electricity when compressed

Which power scaler type has cavitaiton?

Ultrasonic

What part of the ultrasonic tip does the work?

Distal 2-3mm

What is a beaver tip used for?

Remove gross calculus and plaque from the crown

Describe the periodontal ultrasonic tip

Clean below gingiva

Access to furcations and pockets

What are the other tools used with an ultrasonic scaler?

Power/water source

Polisher

What water do you use with an ultrasonic sclaer?

Distilled water

What is the polisher used for?

Low speed option to polish teeth

What position can you have for COHAT?

Lateral or dorsal

What is COHAT?

Comprehensive Oral Health Assessment and Treatment

What PPE do you need for COHAT?

Goggles, gloves, mask, cap, scrubs, dosimeter badge

Why do we place a 4×4 with stringe attached in the pharynx?

Prevent fluid from going down throat/trachea

Why do we not use spring loaded mouth gags?

Can cause blindness and CNS deficits in cats

Deafness in dogs

What can a spring loaded mouth gag occlude in a cat?

Maxillary artery

What do you examine on physical exam of oral cavity?

Cheeks, lips, tongue, tonsils, teeth, palate

During a COHAT what do you need to do for the medical record?

Dental charting, use periodontal probe, use explorer, document missing teeth, grade gingivitis, calculus, document abnormal items

What should you do before probing and scaling teeth?

Chlorhexidine rinse

Why do you use a chlorhexidine rinse before probing and scaling?

Decreases bacteremia during scaling and reduces aerosolized bacteria

Describe the technique with a scaler

Crown only, modified pen grasp, pull away from gingival margin, shank should be parallel to crown

Describe technique when hand scaling with a curette?

Rounded toe faces apically

Insert below the margin

Pull coronally

What part of the ultrasonic scaler do you use?

Side because of how hot the tip gets

Describe the technique of ultrasonic cleaning

Ensure water flow

Stay on tooth 5-7 sec

Use light touch

Pen grip

Do not touch soft tissue

What is the purpose of polishing?

Remove leftover calculus and smooth micro etching

How long do you polish for?

5-7 seconds each tooth

What is done during the final rinse?

Remove leftover calculus, debris

Dont spray directly into back of mounth

Use gauze to pick up any debris in mouth

What are the final steps of a COHAT?

Wash mouth with water/air

Remove gauze from back of mouth

Take after photo

What is the best at home care?

Tooth brushing with pet toothpaste every day or every other day

Where do you find products that are vet approved?

Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC)

Is anesthesia free dental cleaning safe?

No