APUSH: American revolution and 7 years war

French and Indian War

Was a war fought by French and English on American soil over control of the Ohio River Valley-- English defeated French in 1763.

Albany Plan of Union

Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes

Navigation Acts

Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England.

Proclamation of 1763

Prohitibted colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. the law hoped to prevent future hostilities between colonists and Native Americans.

Salutary Neglect

Unrestricted trade in the colonies would be more profitable for England than would taxation of the colonies. (ignoring Navigation Acts)

George Grenville

-British Prime Minister Architect of the Sugar Act; his method of taxation and crackdown on colonial smuggling were widely disliked by Americans. He passed the Stamp Act arguing that colonists received virtual representation in Parliament.

-Appointed by King George III as the Prime Minister, he had the opinion that the colonists should obey the laws and pay a part of the cost of defending and administering the British empire.

Townshend Acts

Charles Townshend's tax for the Americans on paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea. The colonists protested again as a result.

Peace of Paris

This ended the Seven Years War/French and Indian war between Britain and her allies and France and her allies.

Mercantilism

An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought.

Currency Act

This act applied to all of the colonies. It banned the production of paper money in the colonies in an effort to combat the inflation caused by Virginia's decision to get itself out of debt by issuing more paper money.

Stamp Act

A law passed by the British Parliament in 1765 requiring colonists to pay a tax on newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents, and even playing cards.

Stamp Act Congress

A meeting of delegations from many of the colonies, the congress was formed to protest the newly passed Stamp Act in 1765. It adopted a declaration of rights as well as sent letters of complaints to the king and parliament; the first sign of colonial unity and organized resistance.

Virtual representation

The British argument that the American colonies were represented in Parliament, since the members of Parliament represented all Englishmen in the empire.

Sons of Liberty

A radical political organization formed after the passage of the Stamp Act to protest various British acts; organization used both peaceful and violent means of protest

Samuel Adams

Founder of the Sons of Liberty and one of the most vocal patriots for independence; signed the Declaration of Independence

Declaratory Act

Act passed in 1766 right after the repeal of the Stamp Act; stated that Parliament could legislate for the colonies in all cases.

Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania

1767, Pamphlet by John Dickinson that argued against Taxation Without Representation, and that the only way that the colonies could properly be represented by the British government was if they had members in it.

Boston Massacre

a riot in Boston (March 5, 1770) arising from the resentment of Boston colonists toward British troops quartered in the city, in which the troops fired on the mob and killed several persons.

Quartering Act

March 24, 1765 - Required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies.

Committees of Correspondence

Organization founded by Samuel Adams consisting of a system of communication by interchanging letters

Tea Act

1773-Act which eliminated import tariffs on tea entering England and allowed the British East India Company to sell directly to consumers rather than through merchants. Led to the Boston Tea Party.

Intolerable Act

Laws made to punish Massachusetts because of the Boston tea party and because the colonists were getting out of control; Boston Harbor was closed until Boston paid for the lost tea

First Continental Congress

Convened on September 5, 1774, to protest the Intolerable Acts. The congress endorsed the Suffolk Resolves, voted for a boycott of British imports, and sent a petition to King George III

Olive Branch Petition

Still pledge loyalty to King George III but are still asking Britain to respect the rights and liberties of the colonies, repeal oppressive legislation, and British troops out of the colonies

Common Sense

A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that criticized monarchies and convinced many American colonists of the need to break away from Britain

Declaration of Independence

This document was adopted on July 4, 1776. It

established the 13 American colonies as independent states, free from rule by Great Britain.

Native Americans

Which group of people tried to play the French and English Empires off of each other for their own benefit?

Battle of Quebec

Which battle was the greatest turning point?

Treaty of Paris 1763

What treaty ended the French and Indian War?

English

Who won the War?

half king

Which Indian chief pushed conflict between France and England to suit his own agenda? (he fought alongside George Washington)

Albany Congress

intercolonial meeting to meet in Albany, NY in 1754. Goal was to ally with the Iroquois Indians and create unity against the French; Ben Franklin from PA was a leading proponent of establishing colonial unity (made join or die cartoon)

Britain

Which empire had the advantage of a navy, an alliance with Prussia and the Iroquois confederation, and great population in the Americas?

France

Which empire had the advantage of most Indians favor in North American, alliances with Spain and Russia, a network of Forts in the Ohio River Valley, and an alliance with the Huron Indians?

Proclamation Line of 1763

line created that states the land west of the Appalachian Mountains is reserved for Native Americans and not colonial settlement

Which of these statements best summarizes the situation in North America in the mid-1700s?

A. European nations agreed to peacefully divide the continent.

B. European nations were joining forces to help each other's settlements.

C. European nations agreed with each other on boundaries for land claims.

D. European nations were competing for control of North America.

D. European nations were competing for control of North America.

Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.

The ______ allied with Great Britain during the French and Indian War.

Iroquois League

Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.

The colonists allied with ______ during the war.

Great Britian

Why did the British and French want control of the Ohio River Valley?

A. to connect their land holdings

B. to control major rivers

C. to take American Indian lands

B. to control major rivers

Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.

George Washington _____ when he went to fight the French in the Ohio River Valley.

was defeted

Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.

The British ______ in the first battle of the French and Indian War.

suffered a defeat

Which of these sentences describes the message of the cartoon?

Check all of the boxes that apply.

A. The colonies should work together.

B. The Iroquois Confederacy must ally with the British.

C. Britain needs to work with all of the American Indian tribes.

D. The colonies cannot survive on their own.

A. The colonies should work together.

D. The colonies cannot survive on their own.

Why was the Albany Plan of Union important?

A. It established an alliance between the Iroquois Confederacy and the British.

B. It was the first attempt to unite the colonies.

C. It built George Washington's reputation as a heroic leader.

B. It was the first attempt to unite the colonies.

Why did the British reject the Albany Plan?

A. They were uneasy about the colonies becoming powerful.

B. They were afraid of losing their independence.

C. They were nervous about losing trade to other colonies.

A. They were uneasy about the colonies becoming powerful.

Think about what you've learned about the war, and select the correct answer that completes each sentence.

The _______ had a large and well-trained military that won several victories early in the French and Indian War.

French

Think about what you've learned about the war, and select the correct answer that completes each sentence.

Despite sending 15,000 troops, the _______ failed to take control of Fort Ticonderoga in 1758.

British

What territory did Britain gain?

A. Louisiana

B. land east of the Mississippi River

C. the port of New Orleans

B. land east of the Mississippi River

Which country lost the most land in the Treaty of Paris?

A. Spain

B. Great Britain

C. France

C. France

How did the French and Indian War affect American Indians?

A. They lost power from their alliances.

B. They gained land west of the Mississippi River.

C. They gained confidence in their ability to work together.

D. They made more money from trading.

A. They lost power from their alliances.