East Asian Studies Midterm

In what year was the Korean Peninsula split between North Korea and South Korea?

1953

The geographic area of China is 10 times that of Japan.

False

How does the World Factbook website describe the terrain of North Korea?

Mostly hills and mountains separated by deep, narrow valleys

The World Factbook website notes that South Korea is "slightly smaller" than which state?

Pennsylvania

How does the World Factbook describe the government of North Korea?

Dictatorship, single-party state

Scholars disagree on the definition of "culture."

True

Order the countries according to their tallest mountain peak. (1 is tallest)

1. China

2. Japan

3. North Korea

4. South Korea

Which of the following will we be covering in this course? Check all that apply.

yes	Legal systems
yes	Philosophical and Religious Traditions
yes	Language and Literature
yes	Technological breakthroughs
yes	Social Structure
yes	Artistic Expression

Which is the only country that has a positive migration rate?

South Korea

The World Factbook website notes that Japan is "slightly smaller" than which state?

California

The earliest form of Chinese writing was found on

oracle bones

Which of the following is NOT a traditional family festival?

Children’s Day

Chinese (Sinitic) languages are all tonal

True

Which of the following Chinese dialects represents the largest group?

Mandarin

Modern Standard Chinese is based on which dialect?

Beijing

What is a concubine in the Chinese context?

A woman who lives with a man and his wife, whose purpose is to produce children

What coheres the Chinese and East Asian cultures through time (history) and space (regions)?

Chinese writing

The spoken varieties of Chinese are mutually intelligible to their respective speakers.

False

Cantonese has approximately half as many syllables as Modern Standard Chinese.

False

More people speak a variety of Chinese as a native language than any other language in the world.

True

What is the correct grammatical order in Korean syntax?

1. Subject

2. Object

3. Verb

What archeological item led scholars to conclude that there were two distinct cultures in pre-historic Korea?

Pottery

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Japanese language?

Its nouns are either feminine or masculine

What were King Sejong's main motives in the invention of Hunmin Chǒng-ǔm, the Korean script system (see Figure 1 above), in the 15th century? Check all that apply from below:

1. Sejong sought to promote greater cultural integration between the Chinese and Korean language systems.  

2. Sejong wanted a phonetic Korean script that correctly represented the spoken language associated with Chinese characters already in use.

3. Sejong wanted a Korean script that more closely resembled the Japanese writing system and Japanese phonetics

4. Sejong wanted to provide the Korean people with a written means of expression without reliance on the highly complex use of Chinese characters.

   (check all of them)

More than three million ethnic Koreans live outside of Korea.

True

From the list below, what does Korean have in common with Japanese? Mark all that apply. 

1. Free word order

2. A fully phonetic writing system

3. Honorific language

4. Particles

Which language family does Japanese belong to?

A. Sinic

B. Semitic

C.Austronesian

D. None of the above (right answer)

According to the lecture on Korean people, in which decade did rapid industrialization and urbanization begin in South Korea?

1960s

Based on Professor Byon's lecture on Korean language, which of the following statements best explains why dialects were differentiated in Korea?

The mountainous terrain of the peninsula contributed to the development of regional dialects.

What aspect of traditional Korean heritage has most influenced the high value ascribed to education in Korea, also known as "education fever"?

Confucianism

The Qing Dynasty marked rule by the ______________.

Manchus

How much longer did the Han Dynasty (collectively the Western and Eastern Han) last than the Qin Dynasty?

Twenty times as long

The origins of the Han Chinese people can be traced to

The Yellow River valley

When was the writing system standardized?

Qin dynasty

Which of the following did the state NOT carry out in the Han Dynasty?

Matrilineal imperial inheritance

In pre-modern China, eunuchs were a fundamental part of the monarchy

True

The figures below demonstrate that _________ became established in China during the Period of Disunion (white/brown statues w/ their tiddies out)

Buddhism

What was the Qin attitude toward Confucianism?

Hostile

Civil service examinations for Chinese officials began in which dynasty?

Tang

Which of the following Neolithic culture is regarded as an origin of the main Chinese civilization?

Longshan

The emergence of a Japanese civilization happens during which Chinese Dynasty?

Han

In what year did Japan take over Taiwan?

1895

In what period do we see the first rise of the samurai?

Kamakura

The shift from Heian to Kamakura is best described as _________.

Imperial rule to military rule

What is a "shogun"?

A military leader

What is this man known for?

Introducing Confucianism and Buddhism to Japan

What is the item pictured here?

A figurine from a tomb

When was the "closed country policy" adopted?

The Tokugawa Period

When was the image below created?

The Tokugawa Period

What is the Japanese "Diet"?

The Parliament

Which statement(s) below accurately characterize Buddhism during the Unified Silla period? Mark all that apply.

1. Buddhism flourished in culture and art - had X

2. Buddhism shared close relations with the state. 

3. Kings promoted Buddhism as protection from foreign invaders

4. Buddhism was shunned by the elites

Without ________, one could not hold an official position in early Korea.

Noble birth

What does the myth of Tangun explain?

The origins of the Korean people

Which of the following were "Northern Invaders" of the Korean Peninsula? Check all that apply.

yes	Khitans
yes	Mongols
yes	Japanese
yes	Tibetans

Which political entities were formed in the Korean peninsula prior to the Three Kingdoms period?

Confederation of tribal communities

Which of the following best describes Korean society during the Three Kingdoms Period?

Rigidly stratified

Who invaded Korea in the 17th century?

The Manchurians

Based on the assigned reading, how did tributary (suzerain-vassal) relations work between the Three Kingdoms and the Chinese dynasties? Mark all that apply.

(check all)	The tributary relations served as important conduits for the diplomatic and cultural contact between China and Korea.
	The tributary relations with China were actively opposed by the Korean monarchs, who refused to pay tribute to the Chinese emperors.
	The tributary relations mostly benefited both sides.
	The tributary relations involved Chinese emperor's formal recognition of the Korean kings.

What were the notable cultural products of the Koryŏ era? Check all that apply.

check all	Bronze metalurgy
	Hangul script
	Moveable type
	The Tripitaka Koreana
	Celadon pottery

When was Korea first fully united?

10th century

How do Chinese "send" things to their ancestors?

By burning them

Which of the following allocated major roles to women?

Daosim

James Robson considers Daoism to be the "Unofficial High Religion of China"

True

In essence, Daoism deals with

Cosmology

What is the Daoist attitude toward sponteneity?

Positive

A Daoist temple might feature deities identified with Buddhism and popular religions.

True

Which of the phenomena below are associated with Yang (as in the Yin-Yang cosmology)? (Mark all that apply)

check all	The moon
	Brightness
	Men
	Moisture

Which of the following is not a Daoist religious tradition?

The Analects Tradition

The Chinese worshipped their ancestors at all of the following venues EXCEPT for

Ancestor's favorite temple

Which of the below could be members of the Daoist pantheon?

	Immortals
	Laozi
	The Jade Emperor
check this one	All of the above
	The Sea Goddess

What is a "Shaman" in the Korean context?

A person who connects the heavens and earth

What word typically is used in English to refer to Shinto centers?

shrine

Possible containers for kami include which of the following? Check all that apply.

check all of them	Cherry Blossom Trees
	Bronze vases
	Waterfalls
	Coins
	The Sun
	Ancestors
	Trees
	Mt. Fuji

What are the characteristics of the kami, according to the Kojiki and the Nihon shoki? Check all that apply.

yes	They have a duty to the people around them.
yes	Only shamans can interact with them
yes	They are of two minds.
yes	They are mobile
yes	They are not visible to humans
no	They are wrathful
yes	Their power waxes and wanes with the seasons

According to Sohn, which of the following is NOT a type of personal kut in Korean Shamanism?

death

According to the Kojiki and the Nihon shoki, why was the first child of Izanami and Izanagi a "leech child"?

Because Izanami had spoken first when they met

What do the Kojiki and Nihongi contain? Check all that apply.

yes	Chronicles
yes	Myths
yes	Sutra
no	Cosmology

What are the origins of the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki?

What are the origins of the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki?

According to Sohn, what happened to Daoism during the Chosŏn dynasty?

It was suppressed by the Confucians

Shintoism is linked with what crop?

rice

Which of the following was Neo-Confucianism responding to through creating a system of metaphysics?

Buddhism

Confucius was born in which state?

Lu

The amount of time between the age of Confucius and the age of Neo-Confucianism was approximately _______.

15 centuries

The Analects was written by Confucius.

False - was written by his disciples

According to Gardner, for Confucius, all that is necessary for good government is ________________.

Moral leadership

According to Daniel Gardner, "ren" (benevolence) which he translates as "true goodness", must be accompanied by what, to be given meaningful expression?

The practice of ritual

Neo-Confucianism broke entirely with Confucianism of the past.

False

What best describes Confucius during the earliest part of his career?

A government official

How did Confucius feel about ritual, according to Gardner?

He gave it the utmost importance

The presence of Confucianism is one of the major definers of East Asian cultures. What are the other two?

check all	Practiced boot-binding
	Wrote with Chinese characters
	Practiced Buddhism
	Samurai culture

What did the Tokugawa shogun do in the early 17th century to help promote Confucianism (according to the reading)?

Bought land on which to establish Confucian schools

Based on your reading, during the Tokugawa Period, the number of Confucian schools _____________.

Increased

Japan in the 21st century has seen a resurgence of private Confucian academies, much like existed in the Tokugawa Period.

False

According to Warren, Ohashi Junzo criticized Westerners for doing what?

Studying the stars in a scientific manner

Since social hierarchies were abolished after the Tokugawa, in modern Japan social hierarchy has more or less been eliminated.

False

Western Learning did not pose a credible threat to Confucianism in the late Tokugawa Period, according to Warren.

False

By the end of the Meiji Period, Confucianism had emerged as the official doctrine of the Japanese government (based on your reading).

False

Who was largely responsible for the survival of Confucianism during the Heian and Kamakura periods, according to Warren?

Buddhist priests

Which Confucian virtues are promoted in "The Fundamentals of Our National Polity"? Check all that apply.

check all	Reciprocity
	Filial piety
	Loyalty
	Benevolence
	Propriety

Warren writes about Anti-Western Confucian scholars in the late Tokugawa that included a man named Toin. In part what did he argue?

That the Western alphabet was ugly