All the actions of muscles

Epicranius

an aponeurosis that connects the Occupitalis & Frontalis

Occipitalis of epicranius

Retracts scalp

Frontalis of epicranius

Raises eyebrows

Zygomaticus major + minor

Raises corner of mouth as in smiling

Orbicularis oculli

Closes eyes (eyelids)

Orbicularis oris

Closes & protrudes lips (purses lips)

Levator labii superioris

Elevates upper lip as when sneering

Depressor labii inferioris

Depresses lower lip as when pouting

Risorius

Pulls corners of mouth laterally, as in “fake” smile

Buccinator

Compresses cheeks for chewing, blowing (trumpeter's muscle) etc

Platysma

Tenses the neck; depresses the jaw to open mouth as in horror!

Masseter + Temporalis

Elevates mandible

Medial Pterygoid

Elevates mandible; moves mandible from side to side

Lateral Pterygoid

Depresses mandible; moves mandible from side to side

Sternocleidomastoid (agonist)

Bilateral: Flexes head/neck; Unilateral: Rotates head/neck

Scalenes (synergists)

Flex head/neck; rotate head/neck

Superior fibers of Trapezius (synergist)

Bilateral: Extends head/neck (synergist) when scapula is stable Unilateral: Rotates the head/neck

Splenius capitis

Flex head/neck; rotate head/neck

Superior fibers of Trapezius (synergist)

Bilateral: Extends head/neck (synergist) when scapula is stable Unilateral: Rotates the head/neck

Splenius capitis

Extends head/neck; Rotates head/neck

Lateral rectus

Lateral rotation

Medial rectus

Medial rotation

Superior rectus

Superior and medial rotation

Inferior rectus

Inferior and medial rotation

Superior oblique

Inferior and lateral rotation

Inferior oblique

Superior and lateral rotation

Pectoralis minor + serratus anterior

Protracts the scapula

Trapezius

Elevates scapula; Depresses scapula; Rotates scapula; (when occipital bone is stable)

Levator scapulae

Elevates the scapula

Rhomboid major + rhomboid minor

Retracts and elevates scapula

Pectoralis major

Flexes arm; Adducts arm; Rotates arm medially

Corachobrachialis

Flexes arm; Adducts arm

Subscapularis

Rotates arm medially

Deltoid-anterior fibers

Flexes arm; Rotates arm medially

Latissimus dorsi + teres major

Extends arm; Adducts arm; Rotates arm medially

Deltoid-posterior fibers

Extends arm; Rotates arm laterally

Supraspinatus

Abducts arm

Infraspinatus + teres minor

Rotates arm laterally

Deltoid-middle fibers

abducts arm

Diaphragm

Prime mover of inspiration (increases volume of thoracic cavity)

External intercostals

Synergist of inspiration (increases volume of thoracic cavity)

Internal intercostals

Forceful Expiration (decreases volume of thoracic cavity)

External oblique

Bilateral: synergyst in compression of abdominal contents; Unilateral: contralateral rotation of torso;

Internal obliques

Bilateral: synergyst in compression of abdominal contents; Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of torso;

Transverse abdominus

Compression of abdominal contents

Rectus abdominus

Compression of abdominal contents; Flexion of the torso (vertebral column)

Biceps brachi

Supination of the forearm; synergist flexion at elbow

Brachialis

Flexion at the elbow

Brachioradialis

Flexion at the elbow

Triceps brachii

Extension at the elbow

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexes the wrist

Palmaris longus

Anchors fascia and skin of palmar region (flexes wrist)

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes the wrist

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extends wrist

Extensor digitorum

Extends fingers (extends wrist)

Extensor digiti minimi

Extends little finger (extends wrist)

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extends wrist

Pronator teres

Pronation of hand/forearm

Supinator

Supination of hand/forearm