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Homeostasis
The maintenance of a constant internal environment within an organism.
Negative Feedback Mechanism
A process that counteracts a disturbance to maintain homeostasis by inducing changes opposite to those triggering the response.
Sensor
A component that detects changes in a variable (like temperature) and triggers a response.
Effector
An organ or cell that acts in response to a detected change, typically to restore a state of balance.
Set Point
The desired level or value that a particular physiological variable aims to maintain in homeostasis.
Sympathetic Nerve
A nerve that stimulates an increase in heart rate.
Parasympathetic Nerve
A nerve that produces inhibitory effects, slowing the heart rate.
Normal Range
A statistical range of values for physiological measurements that is expected in healthy individuals.
Note 
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