Nematoda

Ecdysis

molting of exoskeleton

How many times do nematodes molt throughout their life cycle?

four

Ecdysone

steroid-like molecule that triggers the molting of the cuticle

Nematoda Common Name

round worms

amphid/phasmids

pair of chemosensory organs, located on head region

Eutely

growth mainly through increasing the size of individual cells, as opposed to generating new ones

Ocelli

pigmented light receptors

Papillae

mechanoreceptors

parthenogenesis

“virgin birth”

Are Nematodes monochoristic or gonochoristic?

Gonochoristic

What larvae do Nematodes possess?

They have no morphological ku distinct larval form.

Dauer Stage

dormant phase (metabolically inactive) occurring after the second molt

What are the common names for parasitic nematodes?

Pinworms and Hookworms

Filariasis

parasitic disease caused by nematode infection

How is filariasis spread?

by mosquitos and black-flies

Subcutaneous Filariasis

causes blindness or skin lesions

What are the vectors of Subcutaneous Filariasis?

horse flies, copepods, and black flies

Lymphatic Filariasis

live in human lymphatic system, normally does not present with symptoms

What are the vectors of Lymphatic Filariasis?

mosquitos

What species causes Lymphatic Filariasis?

Wuchereria bancrofti

What is the common name for Lymphatic Filariasis?

Elephantiasis

Wolbachia

• bacteria that is symbiotic with nematodes and arghropods

• functions as reproductive parasite —> nematode must carry it or die as a consequence

• causes immune response that causes the effects/symptoms of nematodes parasitizing other species

Photorhabdus luminescens

Trichinosis

Trichinosis Treatments

Nematode Relatives

Priapulids

Kinorhynchs

Loriciferans

Nematomorphans