Joint Motions

Dorsiflexion

Bending the toes and foot up at the ankle

Plantar Flexion

movement of the foot in which the foot or toes flex downward toward the sole

Inversion

Turning the sole of the foot inward

Eversion

turning the sole of the foot outward

Knee Extension

Knee fully straightened

Knee Flexion

Knee bent

Hip Flexion

Bringing thigh forward at the hip.

Hip Extension

Bringing thigh backward from the hip.

Hip External Rotation

Turning the thigh in an outward direction.

Hip Internal Rotation

Turning the thigh in an inward direction.

Hip Abduction

Moving thighs outward from mid-line.

Hip Adduction

Moving thighs inward towards mid-line.

Trunk Flexion

Bending trunk forward.

Trunk Extension

Leaning trunk back (spinal extension)

Lateral Flexion / Side bending

Bending trunk to either left or right side.

Neck Flexion

Chin to chest.

Neck Extension/Hyper extension

Look up to sky.

Shoulder Flexion

Arm forward at shoulder.

Shoulder Extension

Arm backward at shoulder.

Shoulder Abduction

Arm away from mid line at shoulder.

Shoulder Adduction

Arm toward mid line at shoulder.

Shoulder External Rotation

Rotate humerus away from body.

Shoulder Internal Rotation

Rotate humerus toward body.

Elbow Flexion

Bend elbow.

Elbow Extension

Straighten elbow.

Supination

Turning the palm upward.

Pronation

Turning the palm downward.

Ulnar Deviation

Movement of the wrist towards the ulna or medial side.

Radial Deviation

Movement of the wrist towards the radius or lateral side.

Finger Flexion

Make a fist.

Finger Extension

Hand flat.

Wrist Flexion

Wrist bent forward from anatomical position.

Wrist Extension

Wrist bent backward from anatomical position.